多元化与排外主义——美国外语教育历史演变述评  

On the Diversification and Exclusivism in American Foreign Languages Education

作　　者：罗辉[1] 肖华锋 Luo Hui;Xiao Huafeng

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学美国研究中心

出　　处：《全球史评论》2020年第1期203-215,299,共14页Global History Review

摘　　要：美国是一个移民国家,有着丰富的多元文化和移民语言资源。美国外语教育发展中一直交织着多元化与排外主义的斗争。美国建国前后的外语教育处于自由发展状态,但为巩固统一的美利坚合众国,对抗美国的敌人,语言排外主义开始限制英语之外的语言教育。其后多元文化思潮让外语教育回归多元化的轨道,但"唯英语"和"英语官方化"运动给美国外语教育的多元化带来新的阻力。The United States is a country of immigrants,rich in multi-culture and language resources.The conflict between diversification and exclusivism is intertwined in the development of American Foreign languages education.Foreign Languages education during the period before and after the founding of the United States of America can be described as laissez-faire.To consolidate the unity of the U.S.and fight against the enemy of America,language exclusivists starts to impose limitation on education of other languages.Multi-culture movement brings back diversified foreign languages education,while"English Only"and"Oficial English"movement become a new hindrance to diversified foreign languages education.Globalization and"911"give a profound lesson to America,and to develop diversified"Critical Language"has become the center stage of American foreign languages education in the new era.

关 键 词：美国外语教育 多元化 排外主义 

分 类 号：H09[语言文字—语言学]