贵州云峰铝土矿矿柱承载稳定性分析及其布置参数优化  

Analysis on pillar bearing stability and layout parameters for Guizhou Yunfeng bauxite

作　　者：郑彦涛 周虎生 刘德峰 杜文华 高玉宝 Zheng Yantao;Zhou Husheng;Liu Defeng;Du Wenhua;Gao Yubao(Guizhou Xifeng Phosphate Rock Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550001,China;School of Resource&Safety Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430073,China;Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County Tianxing Mining Co.,Ltd.,Qinhuangdao 066500,China;Guizhou Yunfeng Mining Company,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州息烽磷矿有限责任公司,贵州贵阳550001 [2]武汉工程大学资源与安全工程学院,湖北武汉430073 [3]青龙满族自治县天兴矿业有限公司,河北秦皇岛066500 [4]贵州云峰矿业公司,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《轻金属》2022年第11期7-12,共6页Light Metals

基　　金：磷资源开发利用教育部工程研究中心开放基金(LKF202005)

摘　　要：为了实现铝土矿的安全高效开采,以贵州云峰铝土矿为工程实例,通过理论计算对房柱式开采条件下矿柱承载稳定性及其布置参数进行分析,揭示关键因素对矿柱临界安全尺寸的影响规律并借助数值模拟和工程实践对矿柱布置优化方案的合理性进行验证。研究结果表明:随着矿山原岩应力、矿床开采高度和矿柱间跨度增加,矿柱临界安全尺寸随之增大,而其随着矿柱抗压强度的增大而减小;矿柱的最优布置参数为长4 m×宽4 m×高5 m,矿柱间距12 m;矿房回采后,矿柱的最大承载力为48 MPa,小于临界承载力54 MPa,且矿柱无明显塑性破坏现象产生,仅局部破坏。现场工程实践表明,理论研究确定的最优矿柱布置方案是合理的,即在矿房回采过程中,矿柱处于稳定性状态,同时矿房的平均回采率由原来的69.5%提高到76.8%,取得较好的技术经济效果。研究成果可为类似工况铝土矿的安全高效开采提供有益的理论指导和技术支撑。In order to achieve the highly-efficient and safe mining of bauxite,with the Guizhou Yunfeng bauxite mine as an example,the pillar bearing stability and layout parameters are analyzed under room and pillar mining conditions through theoretical calculation,thus revealing the influence of key factors on critical safety size of pillars,and verifying the rationality of pillar layout optimization plan through numerical simulation and engineering application practice.The research results show that the greater the original rock stress,the higher the mining height of deposit,the larger the interpillar span,then the larger the critical safety size of pillars is required,which decreases along with the increased compression strength of pillars.The optimized layout parameters of pillars is 4-m long×4-m wide×5-m high,the interpillar span is 12 m.After the stoping in the mine room,the maximum pillar bearing capacity is 48 MPa,which is less than the critical bearing capacity of 54 MPa,and no obvious plastic damage is seen in pillars,only with partial damage left.The field engineering practice shows that the optimized pillar layout plan is rational based on theoretical study,that is,in the stoping process of the mine room,the pillar is in stable conditions,meanwhile,the average stoping rate of the mine room is increased from the previous 69.5%to 76.8%,with favorable techno-economic effects achieved as a result.The research results could provide theoretical guidance and technological support for the safe and highly-efficient bauxite mining under similar work conditions.

关 键 词：铝土矿 房柱式开采 矿柱承载稳定性 回采率 

分 类 号：TF806.1[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TD862.5[矿业工程—金属矿开采]