论全国人大及其常委会立法过程中的合宪性确认  

On the Confirmation of Constitutionality in the Legislative Process of National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee

作　　者：邢斌文 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院

出　　处：《中国政法大学学报》2022年第6期102-117,共16页Journal Of CUPL

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“全国人大及其常委会工作实践中的合宪性确认机制研究”(编号:22YJC820038)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：由合宪性审查机关确认相关法律规范符合宪法,是兼顾宪法稳定性和适应性的重要手段。合宪性确认在凝聚宪法共识、平息合宪性争议、阻却违宪质疑等方面发挥了更加重要的作用。随着我国宪法的全面实施与合宪性审查工作的推进,立法过程中的合宪性确认比立法生效后的合宪性确认更为活跃。在全国人大及其常委会的立法过程中,法律草案内容本身可以包含合宪性确认,全国人大常委会委员长、委员长会议、全国人大宪法和法律委员会、全国人大常委会可以在立法过程中通过各种形式确认法律草案符合宪法。有权机关应当针对立法过程中合宪性争议的性质和立法工作的需要,选择合宪性确认的启动方式,把握合宪性确认的力度,在我国现有的宪制基础上实现立法过程中合宪性确认的规范化、制度化。Confirmation of the constitutionality,made by the organ of constitutional review,is an important means to balance constitutional stability and adaptability.Confirmation of constitutionality has played a more essential role in maximizing constitutional consensus,responding to constitutional doubts,and blocking unconstitutional challenges.With the full implementation of the Constitution and the promotion of constitutional review,we find that confirmation of constitutionality in the legislative process is more active than that after the law coming into effect.In the legislative process of the NPC and its Standing Committee,the law draft itself may contain constitutional confirmation,and the chairman of the NPC Standing Committee,the Chairmanship Meeting,the Constitution and Law Committee of the NPC,and the NPC Standing Committee have the authority to confirm the constitutionality of law drafts in the legislative process in various forms.The confirmation of constitutionality focusing on the constitutional doubts in the legislative process should be made in a proper way with appropriate strength,so as to realize the standardization and institutionalization on the basis of the existing constitutional system in China.

关 键 词：合宪性确认 全国人大及其常委会 立法过程 法律草案 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D622[政治法律—法学]