美国黑人文学在何种形式内得以突破?——保罗·比第小说《背叛》获2016年布克奖原因三论  

In What Forms Does African American Literature Break Through?:Three Reasons Why Paul Beatty's Novel The Sellout Won the 2016 Booker Prize

作　　者：雷舒天 Lei Shutian(Department of Chinese Language and Literature of Sun Yat-sen University)

机构地区：[1]中山大学中国语言文学系

出　　处：《世界文学评论（高教版）》2024年第2期46-51,共6页The World Literature Criticism

摘　　要：非裔美国作家保罗·比第凭借《背叛》成为第一个获得布克奖的美国人。本文针对一个核心问题展开讨论,即《背叛》自文本内到文本外,是如何被塑造并最终获奖的呢?本文将就此问题从三个方面切入,一是对比黑人文学典型形象及叙事传统与《背叛》中的叙事手法与人物塑造;二是根据Maria JoséCanelo的观点从寓言的角度探讨《背叛》中寓言手法的运用并将其与影射的美国私营监狱等不平等现实并置讨论;三是从文本外的两份调查报告中窥探作品的非文本性获奖原因。本文参考中外研究者相关论文,立足于前人论述基础,并结合布克奖颁奖词中给出的评论,分析《背叛》的获奖原因。African-American writer Paul Beatty became the first American to win the Man Booker Prize for his The sellout.This paper discusses such a core issue,that is,how is The Sellout shaped and finally won from the inside to the outside of the text?This paper will focus on this issue from three aspects.The first is to compare the typical image and narrative tradition of black literature with the narrative techniques and characterization in The Sellout.Second,according to Maria Jose Canelo's point of view,the use of allegorical techniques in The Sellout is discussed from the perspective of allegory and juxtaposed with the insinuated unequal reality of American private prisons.The third is to pry into the reasons for the non-textual awards of the works from the two survey reports outside the text.Referring to the relevant papers of Chinese and foreign researchers,based on the previous discussion,combined with the comments given in the Man Booker Prize speech,the reasons for the award of The Sellout are analyzed.

关 键 词：黑人文学传统 布克奖 寓言 后种族时代 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]