基于DEMATEL-ISM的粮油质量安全区块链优化  

Optimization of Grain and Oil Quality and Safety Blockchain Based on DEMATEL-ISM

作　　者：许继平[1,2] 张博洋 张新 王小艺[1,2] 李飞[1,2] 赵燕东[3] XU Jiping;ZHANG Boyang;ZHANG Xin;WANG Xiaoyi;LI Fei;ZHAO Yandong(Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet and Big Data,China National Light Industry,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;School of Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学北京市食品安全大数据技术重点实验室,北京100048 [2]北京工商大学中国轻工业工业互联网与大数据重点实验室,北京100048 [3]北京林业大学工学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2022年第11期412-423,共12页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1605306、2017YFC1600605)

摘　　要：粮油质量安全直接关系人民生命健康和国家安全稳定。粮油供应链具有主体复杂、风险多、供应网络跨域、信息链难以打通等特点,以区块链为代表的新一代信息技术为食品质量安全保障和追溯提供了新的解决思路和应用模式,但同时也引入了新的系统性风险,并且存在安全性方面的挑战。在解析粮油质量安全区块链风险和信息特征基础上,改进并优化现有完全非可信执行场景中通用型区块链结构,在网络层提出了一种适用于非完全可信执行场景中粮油质量安全专用型区块链网络结构,在共识层提出了一种基于PBFT改进拜占庭容错能力的符合粮油质量安全区块链特征的Kafka共识优化算法P-Kafka,分别从正确性、去中心化、安全性、可扩展性、共识效率及一致性6个角度与传统共识算法做了性能对比分析。通过分析比较,所提出的网络节点分区与子链划分一定程度上节省了区块链系统运行成本并提高了节点的隐私安全,改进的P-Kafka共识算法具有了拜占庭容错能力并继承了Kafka分区优化的高吞吐量特性,更加适应粮油质量安全应用场景。The quality and safety of grain and oil is directly related to people’s life and health and national security and stability. The grain and oil supply chain is characterized by complex subjects, multiple risks, cross domain supply network, and difficulty in getting through the information chain. New generation information technologies, such as blockchain, providing new solutions and application models for food quality safety assurance and traceability, but also introducing new systematic risks, and there are security challenges. Based on the analysis of the risks and information characteristics of the grain and oil quality and safety blockchain, the general-purpose blockchain structure in the existing completely untrusted execution scenario was improved and optimized. At the network layer, a special blockchain network structure suitable for grain and oil quality and safety in non-completely trusted execution scenarios was proposed, and a Kafka consensus optimization algorithm P-Kafka based on PBFT improved Byzantine fault tolerance and in line with the characteristics of grain and oil quality and safety blockchain was proposed at the consensus layer. The performance of P-Kafka was compared with the traditional consensus algorithm from the perspectives of correctness and decentralization, security, scalability, consensus efficiency and consistency. Through analysis and comparison, the network node partition and sub chain partition proposed saved the operation cost of blockchain system and improved the privacy security of nodes to a certain extent. The improved P-Kafka consensus algorithm had Byzantine fault tolerance and inherited the high throughput characteristics of Kafka partition optimization, making it more suitable for grain and oil quality and security application scenarios.

关 键 词：粮油质量安全 共识机制 风险分析 区块链 网络结构 DEMATEL-ISM 

分 类 号：TP311.13[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论] TS201.6[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]