土壤盐分垂向非均匀分布下的番茄盐分生产函数研究  

Salt Production Function in Tomato under Vertical Uneven Distribution of Soil Salt

作　　者：陈盛 黄达 王振昌[1] 郭相平[1] 张秫瑄[1] CHEN Sheng;HUANG Da;WANG Zhenchang;GUO Xiangping;ZHANG Shuxuan(College of Agricultural Science and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of New Energy and Building Energy Saving,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学农业科学与工程学院,南京210098 [2]桂林理工大学广西建筑新能源与节能重点实验室,桂林541004

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2022年第8期388-396,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52079041、52109052);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(B210202118);中国博士后科学基金项目(2021M690873);广西建筑新能源与节能重点实验室开放基金项目(桂科能22-J-21-8)

摘　　要：利用番茄盆栽试验,在土表以下17 cm处布设秸秆隔层,有效隔断土壤毛管连续性,再结合灌溉水的淋洗作用,促使土壤盐分向下运移,盆栽土壤在垂直方向上趋于“上低下高”的非均匀分布状态,探究该盐分状态下番茄产量和作物不同生育阶段根系及盐分分布特征间的内在联系。结果表明,在土壤盐分垂向非均匀分布处理中,隔层以下土壤中过高的盐分含量抑制了番茄根系的生长与分布,而上层低盐区土壤中根系则呈现出补偿性生长。在盆栽土壤盐分含量一定时,盐分垂向非均匀分布处理的根系干物质量及果实产量均显著高于盐分均匀分布处理(P<0.05),盐分“上低下高”的差异性分布缓解了作物整体所受盐分胁迫。在参照传统水分生产函数Stewart模型和Jensen模型的基础上,分别利用表层盐分因子、平均盐分因子及根系加权平均盐分因子构建作物盐分生产函数,经函数精度评估后发现,利用根系加权平均盐分因子结合Jensen函数构建的作物分阶段生产函数对番茄产量的预测精度最高,而不同生育阶段中,番茄坐果期土壤含盐量及根系分布状况对最终产量的影响最大。Tomato pot experiment was used to arrange straw capillary barrier at 17 cm below the soil surface,which effectively cut the continuity of soil capillary.Combined with the leaching effect of irrigation water,the soil salt moved downward,and the potted soil tended to be in a non-uniform distribution state in the vertical direction,which was lower in the upper layer and higher in the deep layer,and the internal relationship between tomato yield and root system and salt distribution characteristics at different growth stages was explored.The results showed that in the treatment of vertical non-uniform distribution of soil salt,the excessive salt content in the soil below the straw layer inhibited the growth and distribution of tomato roots,while the roots in the soil above straw layer with low salinity showed compensatory growth.When the salt content of potted soil was the same,the root dry matter mass and fruit yield of salt vertical non-uniform distribution treatment were significantly higher than those of salt uniform distribution treatment(P<0.05).Differential distribution of salt content,which showed low salinity in the upper layer and higher in the deep layer,alleviated the salt stress of whole crops.Based on the traditional water production function,i.e.,Stewart model and Jensen model,the crop salt production function was constructed by using surface salt factor,average salt factor and root weighted average salt factor respectively.After the function accuracy evaluation,it was found that the crop phased production function constructed by root weighted average salt factor combined with Jensen function had the highest prediction accuracy for tomato yield,while the soil salt content and root distribution in tomato fruit setting stage had the greatest impact on the final yield in different growth stages.

关 键 词：番茄 盐分胁迫 非均匀分布 盐分生产函数 盐分因子 产量 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学] S641.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]