1840年以降中国社会民族观的演进特征  

The Evolutionary Feature of Ethnic View in Chinese Society Since 1840

作　　者：刘永刚[1,2] LIU Yong-gang(Yunnan University)

机构地区：[1]云南大学民族政治研究院,昆明650091 [2]中央四部委铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究基地

出　　处：《中华民族共同体研究》2022年第5期5-25,168,共22页Journal of the Chinese Nation Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金研究专项项目“中华民族共同体理论体系研究”(21VMZ006);国家社会科学基金项目“中华民族复兴进程中的国民整体性塑造研究”(20BZZ006)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：民族共同体与国家政治共同体融合的现代国家内核,彰显了现代中国的民族国家属性。自1840年开启的中国现代化进程,引介、运用“民族”概念及其话语呈现的民族观,是中国完成现代转型、赋予民族国家属性、实现民族复兴的基础性观念塑造工程。在这180余年的国家进程中,民族观是在整体的中华民族与中华各民族的双重维度展开的,并有机统一于民族复兴的百年历程之中;“民族观”回应着国家发展的时代命题,与“国家观”虽彼此区别却又高度关联;悠久浓郁的爱国主义思想是民族观的演进伦理与实践规范;虽然知识界的思想革新揭开了中国社会“民族观”演进的现代序幕,但现代政党的“民族”认识和政策主张则始终有力引导着社会民族观的内容和进程。民族观演进的这四个基本特征,既是中华各族人民自觉凝聚共建中华现代国家的经验内核,也是百余年来中华民族共同体意识社会实践的展开路径。Modern China is a nation with the integrated ethnic community and political community at its core, which manifests its attribute as a nation-state. The modernization of China began in 1840;the introduction and use of the concept “nation”, as well as the ethnic view presented with this discourse, is one of the most fundamental ideology-shaping projects for China to fulfill its modern transformation, to endow itself with the attribute of nation-state, and to realize its national rejuvenation. In the course of more than 180 years of national development, there are four basic evolutionary features of ethnic view in Chinese society: 1) Chinese ethnic view can be unfolded to two dimensions--one on the Chinese nation, the other on all ethnic groups in China-yet can also be organically integrated into the hundred-year-long progress of national rejuvenation;2) “ethnic view” echoes with the call of national development for the time, and it is different from, yet closely linked to the “national view”;3) the long-standing and strong sentiment of patriotism is the evolving ethnics and practice norms of ethnic view;4) the ideological innovation in the intellectual circles initiates the evolution of “ethnic view” in Chinese society of modern times, yet the cognition and policies of modern political party always vigorously guide the essence and advancement of ethnic view in Chinese society. These four basic evolutionary features of ethnic view are not only the crystallized experience of people from all ethnic groups in China proactively establishing China as a modern state,but also the social practice approach of fostering a sense of community for the Chinese nation over the past 100 years.

关 键 词：民族观 中华民族共同体意识 演进特征 中华现代国家 观念实践 

分 类 号：D691[政治法律—政治学] D693[政治法律—中外政治制度] D633