天然源性佐剂在肿瘤疫苗中的应用进展与未来发展趋势  

Advance progress and future trend of the natural origin adjuvants for tumor vaccines

作　　者：李树珍 朱珲 贾毅敏 叶演 陈婷 孙存 王文秀[4] 李杰平 邹全明 曾浩 孙红武 LI Shuzhen;ZHU Hui;JIA Yimin;YE Yan;CHEN Ting;SUN Cun;WANG Wenxiu;LI Jieping;ZOU Quanming;ZENG Hao;SUN Hongwu(Yishui County Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shandong,Linyi 276400,China;Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy,College of Pharmacy,Army Military Medical University,Chongqing 400038,China;Chongqing University Cancer Hospital,Chongqing 400030,China;Shandong Binzhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Binzhou 256000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省沂水县疾病预防控制中心,临沂276400 [2]陆军军医大学药学与检验医学系微生物与生化药学教研暨国家免疫生物制品工程技术研究中心,重庆400038 [3]重庆大学附属肿瘤医院,400030 [4]山东省滨州畜牧兽医研究院,滨州256000

出　　处：《免疫学杂志》2023年第12期1090-1095,共6页Immunological Journal

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2302603);国家自然科学基金(32070924,31970078);重庆市自然科学基金(2019jcyjA-msxmx0159,2022NSCQ-MSX0903);湖南省卫生委员会科研基金(20201933);山东省双百计划(WST2018014)

摘　　要：肿瘤已成为导致死亡的主要原因,而肿瘤疫苗可增强患者免疫应答,成为治疗和预防的重要手段。然而肿瘤疫苗大部分为重组亚单位蛋白抗原,免疫原性差,难在免疫系统受损的患者中诱导强烈的免疫应答,从而影响肿瘤疫苗上市批准。疫苗中的核心成分佐剂可极大增强机体免疫应答的强度、速度和持续时间,从而成为开发理想肿瘤疫苗的关键所在。现大多肿瘤疫苗采用传统铝、MF59和AS系列等佐剂,且产品和专利均被国外大型公司垄断。我们对新型佐剂的长期研究发现,天然源性佐剂具有众多独特的优势,如具有来源广泛,生物相容性好,可促进树突状细胞的成熟和免疫细胞因子的分泌,显著增强肿瘤疫苗免疫应答等。本文对天然源性多糖、皂苷、黄酮类化合物、植物病毒样颗粒等重要佐剂在肿瘤疫苗中的应用及其未来发展方向进行综述,期望能为开发出具有我国自主知识产权的新型原创型疫苗佐剂奠定科学的理论基础。Tumor has become the major reasons cause of death,and its vaccine has become the effective tracts of treatment and prevention by enhancing the immune response of patients.However,most vaccines which are recombination subunit protein antigens are poorly immunogenic and difficult to induce a robust immune response in patients with compromised immune systems,resulting in poor marketing approval.The core component of the vaccine adjuvant can greatly enhance the strength,speed and duration of the immune response,thus becoming the key to the development of an ideal tumor vaccine.Most tumor vaccines are combined with tradition adjuvant such as aluminum,MF59 and AS adjuvant,but their products and patents are monopolized by large foreign companies.We found that natural adjuvants have many unique advantages,such as good biocompatibility and biodegradability,promoting the maturation of dendritic cell and the secretion of immune cytokines,significantly enhancing the tumor vaccine immune response,etc.In this paper,the application and future development of natural polysaccharides,saponins,flavonoid and plant virus-like particles in cancer vaccines were reviewed,which may lay a solid foundation for the development of the original and innovative adjuvants with domestic independent intellectual property rights.

关 键 词：肿瘤疫苗 疫苗佐剂 多糖 皂苷 黄酮 植物病毒样颗粒 

分 类 号：R392.9[医药卫生—免疫学]