改流体技术用于中厚急倾斜矿体开采实验研究  

Experimental study on the application of the insert technology in the mining of medium-thick and steeply inclined orebodies

作　　者：陶干强 龙涛 王丽圆 梁波 孟晓静 TAO Ganqiang;LONG Tao;WANG Liyuan;LIANG Bo;MENG Xiaojing(School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2024年第S01期12-21,共10页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2019JJ50516)

摘　　要：采用无底柱分段崩落法开采中厚急倾斜矿体现已在矿山中得到广泛应用,但仍普遍存在矿石损失贫化的问题,至今未得到根本解决。为实现资源与环境协调的绿色开采,以中厚急倾斜矿体开采为研究对象,基于料仓内改流体结构原理,提出了改流体放矿技术。考虑矿体倾角和厚度、分段高度因素的影响,设计了18组改流体放矿和常规截止品位放矿对比实验,研究了三因素对矿石损失贫化的影响。实验结果表明,不同厚度、不同倾角矿体开采中,改流体放矿技术矿石回收率均高于常规截止品位放矿回收率。在相同废石混入率条件下,改流体放矿矿石回收率为69.09%~82.9%,高于常规截止品位放矿12.66%~30.88%。当矿体倾角为60°~85°时,矿石回收率随矿体倾角的增大而提高;当矿体厚度为6~10 m时,改流体放矿技术矿石回收率高于常规截止品位放矿回收率;当分段高度为10~14 m时,矿石回收率随分段高度的增加而提高。同时,研究了改流体放矿技术机理,通过在采场中设置改流体结构和改变改流板的打开与关闭顺序,从而改变矿岩流动路径,可增大矿石流动范围和流动速率,控制矿岩接触,从而减少矿石损失和贫化。研究表明,改流体放矿技术优于常规截止品位放矿技术,有效改善了矿石损失贫化问题,为中厚急倾斜矿体开采时降低损失贫化提供了新的方法。The sublevel caving method has been widely used in the mines for mining medium-thick and steeply inclined orebodies,but the problem of ore loss and dilution still exists during the mining process and has yet to be fundamentally solved.In order to realize the green mining with the coordination of resources and environment,an insert drawing technology is proposed to address this issue with the medium-thick and steeply inclined orebody as the research object based on the structural principles of the insert within the silo.The influencing factors mainly considered in this paper are the orebody dip angle,thickness,and sublevel height.Eighteen experiments of the insert drawing with the conventional cutoff grade drawing with respect to these three factors were designed to investigated the impacts of these three factors on ore loss and dilution.The experimental results indicate that the ore recovery rate of the insert drawing technology is higher than that of the conventional cut-off grade drawing in mining ore bodies of different thicknesses and dip angles.In conditions of the same mixing rate of the waste rock,the ore recovery rate of the insert drawing technology is 69.09%to 82.9%,which is higher than that of the conventional cut-off grade drawing by 12.66%to 30.88%.Furthermore,the ore recovery ratio increases with the increasing the orebody dip angle when it is between 60°and 85°.On the other hand,the ore recovery rate of the insert drawing technology is higher than that of the conventional cut-off grade drawing in mining ore bodies when the orebody thickness ranges from 6 m to 10 m.Additionally,when it is between 10 m and 14 m,the ore recovery ratio increases with the increasing the sublevel height.Meanwhile,the mechanism of the insert drawing technology is studied.By setting up the insert structure and changing the opening and closing sequence of the clapboard in the quarry,the ore-rock flow path is changed,the ore flow range and flow rate is increased,and the ore-rock contact is controlled,thus ore loss and depl

关 键 词：无底柱分段崩落法 中厚急倾斜矿体 改流体放矿 分段高度 损失贫化 

分 类 号：TD803[矿业工程—矿山开采]