神东矿区新型沿空留巷技术装备研究与应用  

Research and application of new goaf retaining technology equipment in Shendong Mining Area

作　　者：杨俊彩 YANG Juncai(CHN Energy Shendong Coal Group Co.,Ltd.,Yulin 719315,China)

机构地区：[1]国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司,陕西榆林719315

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2022年第S02期113-120,共8页Coal Science and Technology

摘　　要：神东矿区近年来推广应用了以柔模混凝土墙沿空留巷为代表的无煤柱开采技术,虽然技术适用性较好,但仍存在作业机械化程度低、劳动强度高、辅助运输压力大、作业环境差、工作面接续不连续等问题。针对这些难题,神东公司优化巷道设计和设备布置,应用远程供电供液技术,将乳化液泵站、移动变电站及配套供电设备集中布置在运输平巷外,实现设备多面共用,减少设备搬迁,缩短材料运输距离,增大运输、行人安全空间,减少留巷与采煤作业的时空干扰。应用水力压裂或爆破卸压的方法降低留巷区域巷道矿压显现,减少支护投入,扩大留巷范围。研制内嵌式、抗剪切式锚索等专用支护材料,挡矸支架、单元(门式)支架等专用支护装备,全面替代传统的“一梁四柱”架棚支护形式,降低劳动强度,改善支护效果。将井下拌合混凝土改为地面制备商砼,提高砼料质量和生产效率,研制砼运输专用车辆,减少砼料运输过程中离析与抛洒,提高运输效率。优化模袋设计工艺,引进新型薄喷材料,减少了漏风通道,改进工作面通风方式,提高了灾害防治和安全保障能力。新工艺变革了传统低效、高风险、劳动密集型留巷工艺,取得了日留巷18 m、月留巷418 m的纪录。同时留巷用工由26人减少到17人,用工数较传统工艺下降了35%,效率提升了50%,实现了减人增效,为矿区无煤柱安全高效开采提供了新方案。In recent years,non-pillar coal mining technology represented by entry retained along gob side with flexible bag concrete wall has been widely applied in Shendong mining area.Although the technology has good applicability,there are still some problems,such as low mechanization degree,high labor intensity,high pressure of auxiliary transportation,poor working environment and discontinuous working face continuity.In view of these problems,roadway design and equipment layout was optimized with remote power supply technology.Emulsion pump station,mobile substation and their power supply equipment were installed outside the transportation roadway to share working-face equipment and reduce equipment relocation,which shortened material transportation distance and increased safety space for transportation and pedestrians.That reduced the time-space interference between gob-side entry retaining and coal mining operations.The method of hydraulic fracturing or blasting pressure relief is applied to reduce the mining pressure appearance of roadway retained area,reduce support input and expand the scope of gob-side entry retaining.To reduce labor intensity and improve supporting effect,special supporting materials such as anchor-embedded and shear resistant anchor cables,and special supporting equipment such as gangue shield and unit(portal)bracket,were developed to comprehensively replace the traditional“one beam with four columns”scaffolding support.To improve the quality and production efficiency of concrete,present mixed concrete was replaced by ready-mixed concrete.Special vehicles for concrete transportation were developed to reduce segregation and throwing in the process of concrete transportation,improve transportation efficiency.The new design flexible bags and thin spray materials were applied to reduce air leakage channels.The ventilation mode of working face was changed to strengthen disaster prevention and treatment for better safety guarantee ability.The new technology has changed the traditional low-efficie

关 键 词：沿空留巷 高效安全装备 混凝土泵送车 单元支架 门式支架 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]