元朝时期的独木棺葬初探  

Single Wooden Coffin Burial and Its Origin in the Mongol and Yuan Dynasties

作　　者：李荣辉 LI Ronghui

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学历史文化学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010000

出　　处：《西部蒙古论坛》2022年第4期38-47,126,共11页Journal of the Western Mongolian Studies

基　　金：2019国家社会科学冷门“绝学”和国别史等研究专项“西伯利亚古代史”(19VJX053)阶段性成果

摘　　要：元朝时期有一种独特的葬俗——独木棺葬,独木棺在河北沽源梳妆楼墓地、蒙古国胡拉哈一号墓园、俄罗斯南鄂嫩河左岸钦丹特I号墓地等地均有发现,这种葬俗源自南西伯利亚与呼伦贝尔地区的达拉孙文化。9世纪以来,随着室韦西迁,在蒙古高原中部也出现这种葬俗,独木棺外有用金属箍的习俗,其材质与墓主人身份等级有关。独木棺和潜埋虚葬葬俗的传播路线,印证了蒙古部起源于今呼伦贝尔一带的事实。The royal family of the Yuan Dynasty has a unique burial custom-single wooden coffin burial.Single wooden coffins have been found in the dressing building cemetery in Guyuan,Hebei,Hurah No.1 cemetery in Mongolia,Qindante No.1 cemetery on the left bank of Onon River in Russia,etc.The single wooden coffin in the Mongol Yuan Dynasty inherited from the Dalasun Culture in southern Siberia.With the migration of Shiwei to the west,this burial custom also appeared on the Mongolian Plateau.In the Mongol and Yuan Dynasties,it was customary to use metal hoops outside the single wooden coffin.The material of the metal hoops was related to the identity level of the tomb owner.The spread of the single wooden coffin confirms the documented origin of Mongols in today’s Hulunbuir Erguna River.The burial custom of the Mongols not only inherits the tradition of single wooden coffin,but also is influenced by the burial custom of burying without grave in Tuoba Xianbei in Hulunbuir region.

关 键 词：元朝时期 独木棺 达拉孙文化 室韦 金属箍 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K247[历史地理—历史学] K892.22