跨国代孕案件中公共秩序的适用——以儿童利益最大化原则贯彻人权保护  

Application of Public Order in Transnational Surrogacy Cases——Implementing Human Rights Protection on the Principle of Maximizing the Interests of Children

作　　者：王樱润 Wang Yingrun

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学法学院

出　　处：《贸大法律评论》2022年第1期230-241,共12页Uibe Legal Science

摘　　要：科学技术的发展和家庭观念的现代化使得传统家庭结构发生巨大变迁,跨国代孕的现象泛化使得公共秩序保留制度的适用面临巨大挑战。目前,世界各国立法对代孕的规制差异巨大,学界关于公共秩序的内涵和外延标准亦存在多种学说,现有司法实践中,各国法院往往以代孕行为违背国内公共秩序为由排除适用外国法律、拒绝承认外国法院判决。这大大削弱了公共秩序保留制度的内在价值,造成代孕子女无法获得合法权益和有效的法律保障,同时也难以实现其他涉案主体的权益保障,违背了人权保护的本旨。本文将以儿童利益最大化原则为落脚点,完善公共秩序保留制度在跨国代孕案件中的适用标准,强调以儿童利益最大化原则为核心,兼顾其他涉案主体的权利,深入全面地贯彻人权的保护,实现法律的实质正义。The development of science and technology and the modernization of family concepts have led to great changes in the traditional family structure,and the generalization of the phenomenon of transnational surrogacy has made the application of the public order retention system face great challenges.At present,the legislation of various countries in the world on the regulation of surrogacy is very different,there are also a variety of theories in the academic circles on the connotation and extension of public order,in the existing judicial practice,the courts of various countries often use the surrogacy act as a violation of domestic public order as a reason to exclude the application of foreign laws and refuse to recognize foreign court judgments.This greatly weakens the intrinsic value of the public order retention system,resulting in the inability of surrogate children to obtain legitimate rights and interests and effective legal protections,and it is also difficult to achieve the protection of the rights and interests of other subjects involved in the case,which violates the original purpose of human rights protection.This article will take the principle of maximizing the interests of children as the foothold,improve the applicable standards of the public order retention system in transnational surrogacy cases,emphasize the principle of maximizing the interests of children as the core,take into account the rights of other subjects involved in the case,thoroughly and comprehensively implement the protection of human rights,and achieve substantive justice of the law.

关 键 词：公共秩序保留 儿童利益最大化原则 人权保护 

分 类 号：D998.2[政治法律—国际法学]