委托—代理模式下审判人员的考核与监督  

Assessment and Supervision of Judges Under the Special Principal-agent Pattern

作　　者：汤二子 Tang Erzi

机构地区：[1]南京审计大学经济学院

出　　处：《贸大法律评论》2022年第1期106-114,共9页Uibe Legal Science

基　　金：2022年山东省人民检察院专题调研和理论研究课题《中国监督体系中检察机关侦查刑罚执行职务犯罪的权责边界研究》(SD2022C31)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：根据委托—代理理论,当代中国审判人员既不是原告或者提起公诉的检察机关之代理人,更不是被告的代理人,而是代表国家权力机关执行审判权的特殊代理人,其行为必须符合国家的统治意志以及彰显社会公平与正义的公共需要。在执政为民要求下,对审判人员的考核与监督,可以确保审判人员按照为人民服务的宗旨履行职责,让法律成为民众敬畏的对象,努力消除自古以来民众惧怕法律和司法人员的心理障碍。审判人员作为特殊的代理人,对其业绩所进行的考核以及履职行为所给予的监督必将是多维度的。在中国的司法实践中,履行不同职责的司法人员应该在相互制约中实现工作上的协调,否则会在具体案件细节上产生大量非必要冲突并造成司法资源的严重浪费。把审判人员的考核与监督纳入司法体制综合配套改革中,对充分认识具有特殊委托-代理模式的审判关系并纠正审判人员不当行为提供了制度性解释框架。According to the principal-agent theory,the judge is neither the agent of the prosecutorial organization with initiating public prosecution,nor the agent of the defendant.The judge is a special agent of the state power organ to exercise the judicial power.His/her behavior must conform to the ruling will of the state,and satisfy the public needs of social fairness and justice.Under the requirement of governing for the people,the assessment and supervision of judges can ensure that they perform their duties in accordance with the purpose of serving the people.This will make the law become the object of public awe,and try to eliminate the psychological barrier of people’s fear of law and judicial personnel.As judges are special agents,their performance evaluation and behavior supervision must be multi-dimensional.Additionally,the judicial personnel who perform different duties should coordinate with each other in restraining in judicial practice.Otherwise,it may cause severe waste of judicial resources when having a lot of unnecessary conflicts in the details of specific cases.The assessment and supervision of judges should be included in the process of comprehensive reform of the judicial system,which provides an institutional framework to fully understand the trial relationship with a special principal-agent pattern and correct the judicial misconducts in future.

关 键 词：委托—代理 审判人员 国家治理现代化 执政为民 

分 类 号：D926[政治法律—法学]