特许合同效力审查时对行政备案与行政批准的区分——以《商业特许经营管理条例》第8条第3款的理解与适用为例  

Distinguish the Administrative Record from Administrative Approval with Reviewing the Commercial Franchises Contract Validity——On the Application of Paragraph 3 of Article 8 of Regulation on the Administration of Commercial Franchises

作　　者：徐霄飞 Xu Xiaofei

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学警体战训学院

出　　处：《贸大法律评论》2022年第1期95-105,共11页Uibe Legal Science

摘　　要：对《商业特许经营管理条例》第8条第3款(以下简称该条款)的理解与适用,需要回到其所在的体系结构、规范群位置、规范目的等方面进行。在行为规范上,该条款是商业特许经营备案规范的构成要件要素之一。商业特许经营备案是行政备案的一种具体样态,属于行政事实行为,备案本身不产生法律后果。行为人违反该条款,虽然是对商业特许经营备案之强制性规定的违反,但最多构成备案不成功或没有备案,不宜据此否定特许合同的效力。在裁判规范之前提寻找与证成上,要结合设定“该批准”的某法律规定,来评价“未取得批准”对特许合同效力的影响,而不是因当事人无法满足“应当提交有关批准文件”之要求、并径直适用该条款来否定特许合同的效力。总之,莫把此备案混同于被批准,它们的适用前提和归责结构并不相同。The key point to understand and apply the Paragraph 3 of Article 8 of Regulation on the Administration of Commercial Franchises(hereinafter referred to as“the paragraph”)is to consider the structure of system,position of norm cluster,and the purpose of norm.As behavioral norms,the paragraph is one of the constitutive elements of Regulation on the Administration of Commercial Franchises.The commercial franchises record is a special pattern of the common Administrative Record and is classified as the administrative factual behavior,thus the record does not lead to legal effect.In this context,although the violation of the paragraph could be identified as a breach of the mandatory provisions,it is not a right decision to deny the validity of commercial franchises contract just according to this violation.It’s considered at most that the submission for record has not been successful or there is no record.So in seeking for the premises of decision norms,it is needed to refer to the legal provisions of the“approval”,and then assess the influence of“un-approval”on the validity of franchise contract.In other words,it could not deny the validity of contract just according to the fact of“un-approval”.In all,the administrative record and administrative approval shouldn’t be confused with their differences in the premise of application and structure of responsibility.

关 键 词：商业特许经营备案 行政备案 批准 强制性规定 合同效力 

分 类 号：D922.29[政治法律—经济法学]