人造蜘蛛丝的制备及其超收缩性能的综述  

PREPARATION OF ARTIFICIAL SPIDER SILK AND ITS SUPERCONTRACTION PERFORMANCE

作　　者：窦园园 李家田 刘遵峰 DOU Yuanyuan;LI Jiatian;LIU Zunfeng(State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology,Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials,College of Pharmacy,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学药学院药物化学生物学国家重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《离子交换与吸附》2019年第5期471-480,共10页Ion Exchange and Adsorption

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2017YFB0307000);国家自然科学基金(U1533122、51773094).

摘　　要：蜘蛛丝在材料特性方面超出了许多天然纤维和合成纤维。自然界中蜘蛛丝的纺丝是由可溶性的蜘蛛丝蛋白在专门的纺纱器官内发生复杂的生物化学和物理过程后形成的固体纤维。受天然蜘蛛丝的启发,人造蜘蛛丝的制备方法包括重组蛋白质工程、聚合物和有机合成技术。蜘蛛丝是超分子聚合物,具有许多众所周知的合成超分子材料的性能,例如嵌段共聚物,热塑性弹性体等。本综述讨论了蜘蛛丝的结构、人造蜘蛛丝的制备及其超收缩性能。Spider silks outrival natural and many synthetic fibers in terms of their mechanical properties.In nature,the formation of a spider silk fiber from soluble spider silk protein is a result of complex biochemical and physical processes that take place within specialized spinning organs.Recombinant protein engineering as well as polymer and organic synthetic techniques have enabled the production of artificial spider silk materials.The spider silk is a supramolecular polymer with similar properties exhibited by synthetic supramolecular materials,such as block copolymers and thermoplastic elastomers.In this review,we discussed the structure of spider silk,and the preparation and supercontraction properties of the artificial spider silk and imitation artificial spider silk.

关 键 词：蜘蛛丝 蜘蛛丝蛋白 超分子聚合物 人造蜘蛛丝 超收缩 

分 类 号：TQ340.6[化学工程—化纤工业]