基于峰度调整的职业性非稳态噪声暴露测量方法  

Measuring method of occupational non-Gaussian noise exposure based on kurtosis adjustment

作　　者：胡勇 施志豪 高向景[1] 辛佳芮 周莉芳[1] 张美辨 HU Yong;SHI Zhihao;GAO Xiangjing;XIN Jiarui;ZHOU Lifang;ZHANG Meibian(Occupational Health and Radiation Protection Institute,Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310051,China;School of Medicine,Ningbo University,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315211,China;School of Medicine,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310051,China;National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心职业健康与辐射防护所,浙江杭州310051 [2]宁波大学医学院,浙江宁波315211 [3]杭州师范大学医学部,浙江杭州310051 [4]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2022年第4期362-366,381,共6页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：浙江省重点研发项目(2015C03039);2018年度浙江省151人才工程培养项目(无编号);2016年度浙江省卫生创新人才培养项目(无编号);职业健康标准前期研究项目(20210102);浙江省医药卫生基金(2019KY057);浙江省医药卫生基金(2021KY120)

摘　　要：现有的噪声暴露测量方法基于等能量假说,适用于稳态噪声,不完全适用于非稳态噪声暴露测量。研究表明,噪声时域结构指标(峰度)联合噪声能量指标,有望有效定量非稳态噪声暴露,目前缺少该联合指标统一的测量方法。本文介绍了基于峰度调整的非稳态噪声暴露测量方法,详细阐述了该方法的测量指标、调整方案、适用对象、仪器要求和测量步骤。通过峰度对累积噪声暴露量(CNE)中暴露周期进行调整,或基于动物或人群数据的调整系数对等效A声级(L_(Aeq))进行调整,能更准确地测量劳动者的非稳态噪声暴露,改善非稳态噪声所导致听力损失被低估的情况。未来需要大量人群研究来验证两种调整方案的有效性。are applicable to Gaussian noise while not fully applicable to non-Gaussian noise.Studies have shown that temporal structure(kurtosis)combined with noise energy has the potential to quantify non-Gaussian noise exposure effectively.However,there is no unified measuring method adopting this joint metric.In this paper,the measuring method of non-Gaussian noise exposure based on kurtosis adjustment was introduced,detailing measurement indicators,adjustment schemes,applicable objects,instrument requirements,and measurement steps.Adjusting the exposure duration of cumulative noise exposure(CNE)by kurtosis or adjusting the equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level(L_(Aeq))by an adjustment coefficient based on animal or population studies can more accurately quantify workers’exposure to nonGaussian noise and improve the underestimation of hearing loss caused by non-Gaussian noise.A large number of population studies are warranted in the future to verify the effectiveness of these two adjustment schemes.

关 键 词：非稳态噪声 测量 峰度 等效A声级 累积噪声暴露量 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]