新一代信息技术赋能应急管理现代化的战略分析  

Strategic Perspective of Leveraging New Generation Information Technology to Enable Modernization of Emergency Management

作　　者：张海波[1] 戴新宇[2] 钱德沛[3] 吕建[2] ZHANG Haibo;DAI Xinyu;QIAN Depei;LYU Jian(School of Government,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Computer Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学政府管理学院,南京210023 [2]南京大学计算机软件新技术全国重点实验室,南京210023 [3]北京航空航天大学计算机学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2022年第12期1727-1737,共11页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院学部院士咨询评议重大项目(2022-ZW14-Z-027);国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD160)

摘　　要：新一代信息技术的应用和发展是实现应急管理现代化的重要支撑。大数据、人工智能等新一代信息技术已经在自然灾害、安全生产等领域得到应用,提高了政府监测预警、监管执法、应急指挥决策辅助、救援实战和社会动员能力,改进了企业本质安全水平,也为新冠肺炎疫情的精准防控提供了重要支撑,提升了应急管理的效能,增强了公众的安全感。在以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的过程中,从以新安全格局保障新发展格局的战略需求出发,新一代信息技术的发展和应用不仅要满足单点、具体的业务需求,还需要更加重视非常规突发事件的应急管理,更加凸显总体国家安全观的价值引领,更加注重对中国应急管理制度优势的支撑,更加强调数据资源的标准衔接、开放创新与智能化利用,以降解不确定性为主线,实现信息技术与应急管理的协同演化。着力于研究,新一代信息技术赋能应急管理现代化还需要助力自主知识建构、推进学科交叉融合、引领信息技术创新、促进产业繁荣发展,为实现中国式现代化作出更大的贡献。The application and development of the new generation information technology is a vital support to realize the modernization of emergency management.At present,the new generation information technology such as big data and artificial intelligence has been widely used in natural disasters,safe production,and other fields.It has improved the monitoring and early warning,regulation and law enforcement,command and decision support,rescue,and social mobilization capabilities of governments,promoted the level of intrinsic safety of enterprises,provided important support for the precise prevention and control of the COVID-19,and increased the efficiency of China’s emergency management and sense of security of the public.In the process of comprehensively promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with the Chinese modernization,driven by the strategic need of using the new security paradigm to ensure the new development paradigm,the application of the new generation information technology shall not only meet single and specific needs of operations,but also pay more attention to the management of unconventional emergencies,the value guidance of the overall national security concept,the support to the institutional advantages of China’s emergency management,and the standard articulation,open innovation of data resources,and intelligent utilization,so as to realize the co-evolution between emergency management and information technology based on the decrease of uncertainty.The modernization of emergency management supported by the new generation information technology also needs to play an important role in developing independent knowledge,promoting interdisciplinary integration,leading information technology innovation,facilitating industrial prosperity and development,and making more contributions to the Chinese modernization.

关 键 词：应急管理 现代化 信息技术 大数据 人工智能 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]