中国激光冷却原子史的新解读 基于档案、手稿等新史料  

A New Interpretation of the History of Laser-cooled Atoms in China Based on new historical materials such as archives and manuscripts

作　　者：钱逸涛 杨凯 QIAN Yitao;YANG Kai

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学 [2]江苏科技大学科学技术史研究所

出　　处：《科学文化评论》2023年第5期106-120,共15页Science & Culture Review

基　　金：“王育竹院士学术成长资料采集工程项目”(项目编号:CJGC2022-K-Z-SH02)

摘　　要：激光冷却原子是20世纪70年代国际原子物理界出现的一个新兴研究领域。中国科学家王育竹率先认识到冷原子物理具有革命性的研究前景,提出利用光频移效应实现激光冷却气体原子等新机制,并在20世纪80年代开展了一系列具有开拓性的实验工作。根据中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所的档案、王育竹科研手稿等原始资料等,试重新解读中国激光冷却原子史,王育竹研究团队较早观察到了低于多普勒极限的新物理现象,但在后续实验验证工作的系统性、新理论框架的搭建上尚与斯坦福大学等研究团队存在差距。诺贝尔奖是各类条件下的综合性产物,以诺奖作为唯一评判标准忽视了在中国情境下科学研究的特殊性,新的科学评价标准需建立在长时段、综合性体系之上。Laser cooling of atoms is an emerging research field in the international atomic physics community in the 1970s.Chinese scientist Wang Yuzhu was the first to realise that cold atomic physics had revolutionary research prospects,and proposed new mechanisms such as laser cooling of gas atoms using the optical frequency shift effect,and carried out a series of pioneering experimental work in the 1980s.According to the archives of Shanghai Institute of Optical Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wang Yuzhu’s scientific manuscripts and other original materials,the author tried to re-interpret the history of laser cooling of atoms in China,Wang Yuzhu’s research team has earlier observed new physical phenomena below the Doppler limit,but there was still a gap with Stanford University and other research teams in the systematic verification of subsequent experiments and the construction of theoretical frameworks.The Nobel Prize is a comprehensive product of all kinds of conditions,and using the Nobel Prize as the only criterion ignores the special characteristics of scientific research in the Chinese context,and new scientific evaluation criteria should be built on a longterm,comprehensive system.

关 键 词：激光冷却原子 王育竹 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 

分 类 号：N092[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] O4[理学—物理]