内陆大水面生态牧场化管理——群落调控、生物多样性恢复与资源利用  

Ranching Management in Lakes and Reservoirs of China——Community Biomanipulation, Restoration of Biodiversity and Resources Utilization

作　　者：刘家寿[1,2] 王齐东 解绶启[1,2] 王桂堂[1,2] 桂建芳 LIU Jiashou;WANG Qidong;XIE Souqi;WANG Guitang;GUI Jian-Fang(State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biology and Biotechnology,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《科技促进发展》2020年第2期237-242,共6页Science & Technology for Development

基　　金：国家科技部国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项(2019YFD0900600):湖泊生态增养殖技术与模式,刘家寿;2017年农业农村部财政专项(CARS-45):国家大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系,戈贤平.

摘　　要：湖泊、水库等大水面是我国重要的湿地资源,也是内陆渔业的重要组成部分。本文介绍了大水面自然增殖管理和人工放流增殖管理的方法,并通过江苏傀儡湖和湖北牛山湖等综合管理实例,展现了通过群落调控达到大水面生物多样性恢复与资源高效利用的效果,旨在为我国建立系统且精准的大水面生态渔业管理体系提供科技支撑,推动大水面渔业从网箱、网围、网栏等集约化养殖方式向牧场化的生态渔业方式转型。Inland large water bodies such as lakes and reservoirs are not only important wetland resources,but also an important component of inland fisheries of China.The present paper reviewed the methods for natural and artificial stock enhancement management,demonstrated the results of aquatic biodiversity restoration and high efficient resource utilization using combined community biomanipulation techniques in lakes and reservoirs and introduced two case studies of comprehensive management in Lake Kuilei,Jiangsu Province and Lake Niushan,Hubei Province.The paper aims to provide science and technology support for the establishment of systematic and precise eco-fisheries management system for lakes and reservoirs in order to put forward the transmission to ranched eco-fisheries from intensive cage culture,enclosure culture and cove culture in inland large water bodies in China.

关 键 词：大水面牧场 增殖容量 群落调控 生物多样性恢复 生态渔业 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]