中国公共事务治理能力的强与弱——中央、地方与社会的关系视角  

Strong and Weak Governance of Public Affair in China:From the Perspective of the Relationship between the Central Government,Local Governments and Society

作　　者：曹正汉 郑翔益 Cao Zhenghan;Zheng Xiangyi(School of Public Affairs,Zhejiang University;Department of Sociology,Zhejiang University)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学公共管理学院 [2]浙江大学社会学系

出　　处：《开放时代》2023年第4期144-163,9,共21页Open Times

摘　　要：当代中国拥有强大的国家能力,但是,在公共事务上,不同领域的治理能力有明显的强弱差别。本文发现,治理能力强的领域,通常具备两项条件,一是采用地方分权,一是鼓励社会参与;反之,治理能力弱的领域,通常限制社会参与,或者,既实行中央集权,又限制社会参与。其原因是,公共事务治理需要协调中央政府、地方政府与社会三者之间的关系,特别是需要协调三者之间的目标冲突,其主要的协调机制即“纵向约束机制”,只有在地方分权和社会参与的条件下,才能有效地发挥作用。Contemporary China has a strong state capacity,but in public affairs,there are obvious differences in governance capacity in different areas.This paper finds that areas with strong governance usually meet two conditions:local decentralization and social participation.By contrast,areas with weak governance often have limited social participation,or both strong centralization and weak social participation.The difference is due to that public affairs governance needs to coordinate the relationship between the central government,local governments and society,especially where their goals conflict,and the main coordination mechanism,so-called“vertical constraint mechanism”,can only play an effective role under the conditions of local decentralization and social participation.

关 键 词：国家能力 公共事务治理能力 地方分权 社会参与 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]