治疗过敏性鼻炎的雾化吸入精油纳米乳研究  

Essential oil nanoemulsion nebulizers against allergic rhinitis

作　　者：陈婷[1,2] 庄波[2,3] 刘岩 王婉梅[2] 黄浩钊 卢跃云 金义光 CHEN Ting;ZHUANG Bo;LIU Yan;WANG Wan⁃mei;HUANG Hao⁃zhao;LU Yue⁃yun;JIN Yi⁃guang(Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Institute of Radiation Medicine,Academy of Military Medicine Sciences,Academy of Military Sciences,Beijing 100850,China;Troops 32142 of PLA,Baoding,Hebei 071032,China;Troops 66029 of PLA,Xilin Gol League,Inner Mongolia 026000,China;Division of Health,Department of Logistics,Central Theater Command of PLA,Shijiazhuang 050051,China)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学,广州510006 [2]军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京100850 [3]解放军32142部队,河北保定071032 [4]解放军66029部队,内蒙古锡林郭勒盟026000 [5]解放军中部战区陆军保障部卫生处,石家庄050051

出　　处：《军事医学》2020年第10期755-761,共7页Military Medical Sciences

基　　金：重大新药创制国家科技重大专项(2018ZX09J18104-001)

摘　　要：目的制备多种精油纳米乳,考察其雾化吸入后对小鼠过敏性鼻炎的治疗作用。方法采用转相乳化法制备精油初乳,通过高压均质处理得到纳米乳,包括薄荷油纳米乳(PON)、茶树油纳米乳(TTON)、薰衣草油纳米乳(LaON)和柠檬油纳米乳(LeON),考察各种纳米乳的外观、粒径、Zeta电位及稳定性。BALB/c小鼠腹腔注射卵清蛋白(OVA)和氢氧化铝佐剂,隔日用10%OVA溶液滴鼻,建立过敏性鼻炎动物模型。将模型小鼠置于闭箱中,分别用空白纳米乳(BN)、精油纳米乳、吸入用布地奈德混悬液(Pulmicort)行雾化吸入治疗,30 min/d,连续7 d。记录治疗前后小鼠鼻炎症状;观察鼻黏膜组织病理改变;测定血清中免疫球蛋白E(IgE)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)含量。结果各精油纳米乳澄清透明,PON、TTON、LaON、LeON平均粒径分别为27.50、20.03、24.28、25.83 nm,粒径均一,Zeta电位分别为-28.6、-26.4、-30.5、-25.6 mV,稳定性好。模型小鼠鼻炎症状包括喷嚏、流涕、挠鼻显著,经精油纳米乳雾化吸入治疗后症状明显减轻,炎性细胞浸润减少,鼻黏膜肿胀减轻,同时血清中IgE、IL-4和IL-6水平不同程度降低,IFN-γ稍有增加,以PON疗效最佳,TTON次之。结论多种精油纳米乳雾化吸入液可减轻鼻腔局部炎症反应,可用于过敏性鼻炎的治疗。Objective To prepare the nanoemulsions of essential oils and investigate their therapeutic effects against allergic rhinitis in mice after they are nebulized.Methods The coarse emulsions of essential oils were prepared using the phase-inversion emulsification method before being converted into nanoemulsions by high-pressure homogenization.Here,peppermint oil nanoemulsions(PON),tea tree oil nanoemulsions(TTON),lavender oil nanoemulsions(LaON)and lemon oil nanoemulsions(LeON)were prepared and explored in terms of appearance,particle size,Zeta potential and stability.Ovalbumin(OVA)and aluminum hydroxide as adjuvants were intraperitoneally injected into BALB/c mice,followed by nose-dropping of 10%OVA solutions one day later,so that the allergic rhinitis animal models were established.They were treated by nebulizing blank nanoemulsions(BN),essential oil nanoemulsions,and budesonide suspensions for inhalation(Pulmicort)in a sealed box for 30 min daily for a week.The rhinitis symptoms of mice were recorded before and after treatment.Pathology of nasal mucosa was observed.The immunoglobulin E(IgE),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin-4(IL-4)and IL-6 in serum were determined.Results All the nanoemulsions of essential oils were transparent.The average particle size of PON,TTON,LaON,and LeON was 27.50,20.03,24.28,and 25.83 nm with uniform distribution.The Zeta potentials were-28.6,-26.4,-30.5,and-25.6 mV,respectively.They were stable.Sneezing,runny nose,and nose scratching were the typical symptoms of rhinitis mice.The treatment with essential oil nanoemulsion nebulizers significantly ameliorated the rhinitis symptoms,alleviated the infiltration of inflammatory cells,and reduced the swelling of nasal mucosa.The levels of IgE,IL-4 and IL-6 in the serum decreased,but the expression of IFN-γincreased a little.The effect of PON was the best.Conclusion Essential oil nanoemulsion nebulizers are promising medicines for the allergic rhinitis by reducing the local nasal inflammation.

关 键 词：薄荷油 茶树油 薰衣草油 柠檬油 纳米乳 雾化吸入 过敏性鼻炎 

分 类 号：R943[医药卫生—药剂学]