LPR形成机制改革的主要成效、存在问题与对策建议——基于江西全样本银行业金融机构的调查  

The effects,problems and Countermeasures of LPR formation mechanism reform:A survey of financial institutions in Jiangxi Province

作　　者：刘居照[1] Liu Juzhao(Nanchang Central Sub-branch,the People's Bank of China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民银行南昌中心支行

出　　处：《金融发展评论》2020年第1期66-77,共12页Financial Development Review

摘　　要：本文通过对江西省150家银行业金融机构开展专题调研,分析了LPR形成机制改革在基层落地实施情况。调研显示:LPR改革后,贷款定价基本实现"换锚",新发放贷款LPR运用比重已超八成,有效疏通了利率传导机制,推动实际贷款利率下行,激活企业信贷需求,提高中小银行利率定价水平;但法人银行机构存量贷款转换为LPR比重与预期进度有差距,银行机构盈利空间遭受两头挤压,贷款参考LPR定价"形似而神不似",中小银行利率和信用风险管理未跟上利率市场化改革节奏,银行获取超额利润动力依然较强,国有银行新发放小微企业贷款比重"不升反降"。建议加强对银行机构的指导和监督,督促银行机构加快转变贷款定价方式,指导银行机构创新风险管理工具,端正经营发展理念,推动LPR形成机制改革落实落细。This paper analyzes the implementation of LPR formation mechanism reform through a survey of 150 banking financial institutions in Jiangxi Province.The result shows that,after LPR reform,loan pricing basically realized " anchor change",and the proportion of new loan LPR application has exceeded 80%,which effectively dredged the interest rate transmission mechanism,promoted the downward trend of actual loan interest rate,activated the credit demand of enterprises,and improved the interest rate pricing level of small and medium-sized banks.However,there is a gap between the proportion of stock loans of banking institutions converted into LPR and the expected progress.The profit space of banking institutions has been squeezed at both ends.The pricing of loan reference LPR is"similar in shape but different in spirit".The interest rate and credit risk management of small and medium-sized banks have not kept up with the pace of interest rate marketization reform.Banks still have a strong incentive to obtain excess profits.The proportion of new small and micro enterprise loans issued by state-owned banks"does not rise but falls".It is suggested to strengthen the guidance and supervision of banking institutions,urge banking institutions to accelerate the transformation of loan pricing mode,guide banking institutions to innovate risk management tools,correct the concept of business development,and promote the implementation of LPR formation mechanism reform.

关 键 词：LPR形成机制改革 贷款定价 信贷风险管理 

分 类 号：F832.4[经济管理—金融学]