哈萨克斯坦金融改革问题研究及效果评价(1993—2006)  

Research on Kazakhstan’s financial reform and its effect evaluation(1993—2006)

作　　者：刘遵乐 Liu Zunle(School of Finance,Xinjiang University of Finance and Economics;Urumqi Center Sub-branch of the People’s Bank of China)

机构地区：[1]新疆财经大学金融学院 [2]中国人民银行乌鲁木齐中心支行 [3]新疆金融学会中亚金融研究中心

出　　处：《金融发展评论》2019年第12期47-57,共11页Financial Development Review

基　　金：新疆财经大学科研创新项目“前瞻性泰勒规则下俄罗斯货币政策的影响因素分析”(项目编号:XJUFE2019B006)支持

摘　　要：哈萨克斯坦1991年2月宣布独立。独立之初,苏联时期的计划经济模式崩溃,与全球的经济联系完全中断,金融监管缺位、金融业发展滞后,不良贷款问题突出。哈萨克斯坦政府致力于推进金融改革,通过发行本国货币、强化央行监管以及对国有金融机构实行私有制改革等措施,完善了金融体系、优化了金融结构、提升了金融业发展的内在动力。金融开始在优化资源配置、促进经济发展、稳定市场物价等方面发挥重要作用,但是改革进程中,金融私有化导致了市场主体投机行为、监管缺位以及对外资的过度依赖,使得金融业在2008年全球性金融危机中遭受重创。哈萨克斯坦经验对于我国了解掌握哈萨克斯坦金融改革的逻辑主线,在"一带一路"倡议背景下深化金融合作具有一定的借鉴意义。Kazakhstan declared independence in February 1991.At the beginning of independence,the planned economic model of the Soviet Union collapsed,economic links with the world were completely interrupted,financial supervision was absent,the development of the financial industry was lagging,and the problem of non-performing loans was outstanding.The government of Kazakhstan is committed to promoting financial reforms.It has improved the financial system,optimized the financial structure,and enhanced the internal driving force for the development of the financial industry through measures such as issuing domestic currency,strengthening central bank supervision,and implementing private reforms on state-owned financial institutions.Finance has begun to play an important role in optimizing resource allocation,promoting economic development,and stabilizing market prices.However,in the reform process,financial privatization has led to speculative behavior by market players,lack of supervision,and excessive dependence on foreign capital.It was hit hard in the global financial crisis of 2015.The Kazakhstan experience has certain reference significance for China to understand and master the logic of Kazakhstan’s financial reform,and to deepen financial cooperation in the context of the"Belt and Road"initiative.

关 键 词：哈萨克斯坦 金融改革 货币政策 效果评价 

分 类 号：F833.61[经济管理—金融学]