三国街亭战场故址辨析  

On Jieting Battlefield Site in Three Kingdoms

作　　者：宋杰[1] Song Jie(School of History,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100089)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学历史学院,北京100089

出　　处：《军事历史研究》2024年第2期1-18,共18页Military History Research

摘　　要：关于蜀将马谡失守的街亭在何处,目前学界集中为两派意见,传统观点认为在汉街泉城,即今甘肃秦安县陇城镇附近。后起的意见主张街亭在天水市东南的街子镇,认为蜀军作战主要在祁山地区,街亭当在其间,马谡领兵远赴街泉有违用兵常理。双方争议的焦点,是魏将张郃的援兵走的是渭水以北的陇山道,还是渭水以南的陈仓狭道,这会决定街亭的位置。笔者综合诸说,提出了魏国分兵两路救援陇右、张郃率万余精兵走陈仓狭道先行救急,马谡在今街子镇迎敌,大队魏军翻越陇山到达天水、南安等郡的看法,既能支持“街子镇街亭说”,也能协调历史记载、学界争论间的矛盾。There have been so far two schools of thoughts as to the location of Jieting which was lost by Ma Su,a general of the Shu Kindom.The traditional view holds that it was in Jiequan Town,not far away from today’s Longcheng Town of Qin’an County,Gansu Province.The more recent one maintains that Jieting was in Jiezi Town to the southeast of Tianshui City,because Jieting should have been in the area of Mount Qi where the Shu Army was mainly fighting,and it went against the common sense of military that Ma Su and his troops took a long march to Jiequan.The main contention was whether the Wei General Zhang He’s reinforcements went along Longshan Road to the north of Weihe River or along the Chencang Narrow Path to the south of the river,which would determine the location of Jieting.The author proposes in this article that the troops of Wei went in two directions to save Longyou,and Zhang He led more than ten thousand soldiers to give it emergency rescue through Chencang Narrow Path.The view that Ma Su went out against the enemy in today’s Jiezi Town,and that the huge Wei troops crossed over Longshan Mountain and reached the counties of Tianshui and Nan’an not only supports the opinion of“Jieting in Jiezi Town”,but also coordinates the contradictions in historical records and academic debates.

关 键 词：街亭 街泉 街子镇 祁山 马谡 张郃 诸葛亮 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K928.6[历史地理—历史学] K236[军事—军事理论] E291