农村医疗保险能否巩固脱贫攻坚成果——基于贫困脆弱性视角的检验  

Can Rural Medical Insurance Consolidate the Achievements in the Fight Against Extreme Poverty:A Test Based on the Perspective of Poverty Vulnerability

作　　者：于大川[1] 李嘉欣 蒋帆 Yu Dachuan;Li Jiaxin;Jiang Fan(Institute of Social Security,Guangdong University of Finance,Guangzhou 510521,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东金融学院社会保障研究所,广东广州510521

出　　处：《金融经济学研究》2022年第2期122-133,共12页Financial Economics Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(20BSH029);教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目(19YJC840055);广东省普通高校创新团队项目(2020WCXTD006);广东省攀登计划专项资金一般项目(pdjh2020b0407);广东省大学生创新训练计划项目(202011540011)

摘　　要：巩固脱贫攻坚成果是新发展阶段下农村贫困治理的重要任务。基于贫困脆弱性的视角,利用2018年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,运用倾向得分匹配法(PSM)和多元线性回归法(OLS),从是否参保和保障水平两个方面检验农村医疗保险巩固脱贫攻坚成果的效能,研究表明,农民的贫困脆弱性总体不高,但老年、健康状况差、中西部等弱势农民群体的贫困脆弱性相对较高。无论是参加农村医疗保险还是提高农村医疗保险的保障水平都能显著降低农民的贫困脆弱性,有利于巩固脱贫攻坚成果。进一步研究发现,农村医疗保险对贫困脆弱性的影响在不同农民群体中存在差异性,对降低弱势农民群体贫困脆弱性的作用更强,具有较高的精准度。建议政府部门加大农村医疗保险建设投入,实行倾斜性的农村医疗保险政策,采取综合性贫困治理措施,从而更好地巩固脱贫攻坚成果。Consolidating the achievements in the fight against extreme poverty is an important task in rural poverty control during the new stage of development.From the poverty vulnerability perspective,this study uses the data of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)and adopts the propensity score matching and multiple linear regression(OLS)methods to test the effectiveness of rural medical insurance in consolidating the achievements in the fight against extreme poverty,concerning the two aspects of insurance participation and the level of security.The study shows that the overall poverty vulnerability of farmers is not high,but the poverty vulnerability of disadvantaged farmers,including older adults,those in poor health status,or live in the central and western regions,is relatively high.Both participating in rural medical insurance and increasing the security level of rural medical insurance can significantly reduce the poverty vulnerability of farmers,and is conducive to consolidating the achievements in the fight against extreme poverty.Further research reveals that the effect of rural medical insurance on poverty vulnerability is different among different farmer groups.Its effect of lowering poverty vulnerability is stronger for disadvantaged farmers,while the accuracy is higher.Based on the results,it is suggested that government departments should increase their investment in the construction of rural medical insurance,implement preferential policies for rural medical insurance,and adopt comprehensive poverty control measures,so as to further consolidate the achievements in the fight against extreme poverty.

关 键 词：农村医疗保险 脱贫攻坚成果 贫困脆弱性 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] F842.684[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] F323.8[经济管理—保险]