为知识工作者创造恢复性邻近绿地:理论机制、场地评价标准与设计导则  

Creating Restorative Nearby Green Spaces for Knowledge Workers:Theoretical Mechanisms,Site Evaluation Criteria,and Design Guidelines

作　　者：胡雪凌 刘雪鸣 李嘉立 姜斌[1,2] 田乐(译) 周佳怡(译) 嵇扬(译) HU Xueling;LIU Xueming;LI Jiali;JIANG Bin;Tina TIAN;ZHOU Jiayi;Victor JI(Urban Environments and Human Health Lab,HKUrbanLabs,Faculty of Architecture,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China;Division of Landscape Architecture,Department of Architecture,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国香港大学建筑学院城市环境与人类健康实验室,中国香港999077 [2]中国香港大学建筑学院园境建筑学部,中国香港999077 [3]不详

出　　处：《景观设计学（中英文）》2022年第2期9-35,共27页Landscape Architecture Frontiers

摘　　要：知识工作者推动了当代城市的社会和经济发展,但他们往往由于久坐的工作状态、长期的高强度脑力劳动,以及高度职业竞争,而心理及生理健康状况堪忧。因此,为知识工作者提供高质量恢复性邻近绿地以促进他们的健康和福祉已成为一项紧迫的重要需求。尽管许多研究已经证明邻近绿地具有多重健康效益,但这些学术理论和研究证据并不足以有效地为相关规划和设计实践提供指导。本研究通过综合性文献研究,归纳总结出能体现工作场所邻近绿地所带来健康效益的四个理论机制:1)减轻压力;2)恢复注意力和提升景观偏好;3)促进体力活动;4)丰富感官体验。而后,本文确定了可以提高知识工作者健康和福祉的绿地关键环境特征。最后,研发了一套现状场地恢复性能力的评价标准及一系列恢复性邻近绿地设计导则,并为联系跨学科研究与实践提出了一种简明范式。Knowledge workers drive social and economic development in contemporary cities but often exhibit poor psychological and physical health because of sedentary work,long-term and intense mental labor,and high-level occupational competition.Thus,providing high-quality restorative green spaces in knowledge workers’ proximity to promote their health and well-being has become an important and pressing need.Although the multiple health benefits of proximity to green spaces have been highlighted,the existing planning and design practices are not well supported by scientific theories and evidence.This study interprets the health benefits of proximity to green spaces in work environments considering four theoretical mechanisms:stress reduction,attention restoration and landscape preference,physical activity promotion,and sensory enrichment through an integrative literature review.Next,the paper identifies the key environmental characteristics of green spaces that can enhance the health and wellbeing of knowledge workers.In addition,it develops a set of criteria for evaluating the restorative capacity of existing sites and a set of guidelines to design restorative nearby green spaces,and proposes a simple paradigm to connect interdisciplinary research and practice.

关 键 词：知识工作者 恢复性邻近绿地 心理健康 生理健康 恢复性景观 绩效评估 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]