西欧中世纪政治权威神圣性的基督教叙事  

Christian Narratives of the Sanctity of Political Authority in Medieval Western Europe

作　　者：杨军 YANG Jun(School of History,Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学历史学院

出　　处：《基督教文化学刊》2022年第2期251-268,共18页Journal for the Study of Christian Culture

摘　　要：代表世俗权力的封建王权与负责宗教“精神”事务的基督教神权之间的“统一对立”关系构成了中世纪西欧封建政治史的“二元”特征。这一局面的形成与基督教神学叙事关系密切。中世纪神学家撰写的有关世俗王权和教权的神学论述奠定了中世纪神权政治传统的基础,也为王权蒙上了神圣的光环。与此同时,西欧封建王权也借助教会的神学叙事逐步取得支配臣民的权威。The“Divine Mandate”of political authority was a dominant idea throughout Western Europe in the Middle Ages.The origins of theological discourse on political authority may be traced back to the Bible,as later systematized by church theologians.Through this process,the divine right of secular authority was constructed,forming the concept of“royal power conferred by God.”The divine right of kings became an essential symbol of the legitimacy of kingship and was one of the political foundations of royal reign.With the rise of the Holy See,the doctrine of the supremacy of religious power in the Christian tradition,which advocates the“divine mandate of religious power,”was also much developed and evolved into a new theological theory in which religious power is superior to royal power.As a result,the theological expression of political authority was gradually transformed into a dual political theory in which clerical authority and secular authority acted in tandem.

关 键 词：神权政治 世俗权力 政治史 政治权威 封建王权 神圣性 基督教 中世纪西欧 

分 类 号：B978[哲学宗教—宗教学] K56[历史地理—历史学] D75[历史地理—世界史]