硫化纳米零价铁研究进展:合成、性质及环境应用  

Advance of Sulfidated Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron: Synthesis,Properties and Environmental Application

作　　者：杨思明 刘爱荣[1] 刘静[1] 刘钊丽 张伟贤[1,2] Yang Siming;Liu Airong;Liu Jing;Liu Zhaoli;Zhang Weixian(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [2]华南农业大学岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室,广州510642

出　　处：《化学学报》2022年第11期1536-1554,共19页Acta Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(Nos.42073082,41673096);国家重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFC1805300);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(No.2020B0202080001);污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室项目(No.PCRRC20021)资助

摘　　要：纳米零价铁(nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron,nZVI)是水环境修复领域研究最广泛的材料之一,但易团聚和氧化、电子选择性差等缺点制约了其实际应用.对nZVI表面进行硫化制备成硫化纳米零价铁(Sulfidated nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron,S-nZVI),能够提高纳米颗粒的分散性能、增强稳定性,提高电子选择性,已成为目前研究热点.本综述以“合成方法—理化性质—应用性能”为主线展开论述,首先总结了不同的硫化方法对S-nZVI理化性质的影响,重点阐释通过调控合成条件(硫化顺序、硫化剂种类、硫铁比等)以调节S-nZVI的微观结构和界面元素化学形态(实际S/Fe、硫分布、FeS形态等),从而改变其宏观性质(亲疏水、析氢、导电性等),最终实现对有机污染物与金属污染物的定向去除.此外,详细综述了S-nZVI用于去除卤代有机物、硝基苯有机物和重金属等污染物方面的研究进展,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望.Nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)is one of the most extensively studied materials in the field of water environment remediation.But the limitations of easy agglomeration,oxidation and poor electronic selectivity restrict its practical application.After the sulfidation on the surface of nZVI,the sulfidated nanoscale zero-valent iron(S-nZVI)can be formed,which can not only enhance the dispersion and stability,but also improve the electronic selectivity,thus becoming the hot spot recently.The synthesis methods,physiochemical properties and practical performances of S-nZVI are discussed detailedly in this review.Firstly,the effects of synthesis methods on the physiochemical properties of S-nZVI are summarized,which focus on adjusting the synthesis conditions(sulfidation sequence,sulfur precursors,S/Fe,etc.)to change the microstructure and chemical states of interface elements of S-nZVI(actual S/Fe,sulfur distribution,FeSmorphologies,etc.).And then the macro-properties(hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity,hydrogen evolution,conductivity,etc.)will be altered correspondingly,which will cause the directional removal of organic pollutants and heavy metal pollutants.Additionally,the research progress of S-nZVI in the removal of chlorinated hydrocarbons,antibiotics,nitrobenzene organics and heavy metals are discussed concretely and the future research directions are analyzed as well.

关 键 词：硫化纳米零价铁 合成 界面化学 水体污染物 反应机理 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]