夸美纽斯是班级授课制的“创立者”吗  

Is Comenius the “Founder” of the Class-based Teaching System

作　　者：张斌贤[1] 季楚潇 钱晓菲[1] ZHANG Bin-xian;JI Chu-xiao;QIAN Xiao-fei(Institute of Educational History&Culture,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育历史与文化研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2022年第6期80-94,共15页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：北京师范大学教育学一流学科培优项目(YLXKPY-XSDW202203)

摘　　要：班级授课制是现代学校教育教学制度的重要基础。受苏联教育学的深刻影响,加之长期缺乏系统的专门研究,国内教育学界关于班级授课制源流的认识存在着“不全”、“不清”、“不实”等问题。对班级授课制在欧美主要国家起源过程的梳理发现,教育学界经久流传的将夸美纽斯视为班级授课制的创立者或认为夸美纽斯对班级授课制的形成发挥了关键作用的“定论”违背基本史实,难以成立。应加强基础研究和基础学科研究,减少乃至杜绝各种知识性错误,进一步夯实教育学知识体系的基础。The class-based teaching system is an important foundation of modern school education and teaching system.Under the profound influence of the Soviet Union’s pedagogy,and in addition to the long-term lack of systematic and special research,there are“incomplete”,“unclear”and“unrealistic”shortcomings in the understanding of the origin of the class-based teaching system in major countries in Europe and the United States.The“conclusion”that Comenius is regarded as the founder of the class-based teaching system or that Comenius plays a key role in the formation of the class-based teaching system,which has been circulating for a long time in the educational circle,violates the basic historical facts and is difficult to establish.It advocates strengthening basic research and basic discipline research,reducing and even eliminating all kinds of intellectual errors,and further consolidating the foundation of the knowledge system of pedagogy.

关 键 词：班级授课制 集体教学 分级制 分级学校 

分 类 号：G424[文化科学—课程与教学论]