我国海关行政互助协查现状及推进的路径  

The Status Quo of Customs Mutual A dministrative Assistance for Detection and Investigation in China and Pathways of Pressing It Ahead

作　　者：祝少春 黄雅理 ZHU Shaochun;HUANG Yali

机构地区：[1]上海海关学院海关法律系 [2]海关总署国际检验检疫标准与技术法规研究中心

出　　处：《海关法评论》2022年第1期472-481,共10页Review of Customs Law

摘　　要：行政互助协查是海关国际合作非常重要的组成部分。在贸易便利化的背景下,我国海关行政互助协查在数量上有显著的提高,也存在着值得关注的问题,如没有依据《贸易便利化协定》提出的协查请求、我方接收和提出的协查请求数量失衡等。究其原因,一是《贸易便利化协定》中关于海关合作的条款欠缺国内法的转化规定且条款的过渡期刚结束,二是现有的协议基本上支撑了海关行政互助的开展,三是沿边省级政府、直属海关与境外地方政府、海关之间的合作成为海关行政互助的重要组成部分。为此,完成机构整合后我国行政互助履约主体的对外告知、重新界定海关行政互助的范围、开发一个行之有效的海关行政互助协查系统、加强海关行政互助协查在海关缉私国际执法合作中的作用是推进我国海关行政互助协查的可选路径。Mutual Administrative Assistance for detection and investigation is a very important part of customs international cooperation.In the background of trade facilitation,the number of requests for detection and investigation under Customs mutual administrative assistance(CMAA)has significantly increased,and there are also noteworthy emerging characteristics,such as requests presented against the provisions of the Trade Facilitation Agreement(TFA),and the imbalance in the number of requests received and presented by our side.The reasons are concluded as follows:firstly,the provisions on customs cooperation in TFA have not been internalized and the transition period of the provisions has just ended;secondly,the existing agreement can basically support CMAA operations;thirdly,the cooperation between the provincial governments along the border and the regional customs and the foreign local goverments and customs has become an important part of CMAA.Therefore,after the completion of structural integration,the pathways to promote our CMAA for detection and investigation include:the communication of the body responsible for CMAA,redefinition of the scope of CMAA,development of an effective CMAA system,and promotion of the role of CMAA for detection and investigation in the interational law enforcement cooperation of Customs anti-smuggling.

关 键 词：贸易便利化协定 海关行政互助 协查 

分 类 号：D922.221[政治法律—经济法学] D996[政治法律—法学]