论海洋生态环境损害赔偿请求权  

On the Claim of Compensation for Marine Ecological Environment Damage

作　　者：王秀卫[1] 杨忱 WANG Xiu-wei;YANG Chen(Law School,Hainan University,Haikou 570100,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学法学院,海南海口570100

出　　处：《河北法学》2024年第2期35-54,共20页Hebei Law Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“《海洋环境保护法》修订背景下海洋生态环境损害赔偿制度研究”(21BFX208);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“新时代生态文明机制创新与重点流域、区域、海域生态环境治理研究”(22JJD820013)

摘　　要：海洋生态环境损害赔偿请求权的发展与完善是构建海洋生态环境损害赔偿制度体系的重要环节,为确保正当合理地行使该损害赔偿请求权,须以《海洋环境保护法》第114条第2款为核心,明确国家行使海洋生态环境损害赔偿请求权的理论基础,将海洋生态环境作为该请求权的损害客体,坚持区分国家重大损失与社会公共利益损害间差别,暂不加入违法性构成要件,以保持海洋生态环境损害赔偿请求权不同于其他环境公益损害赔偿请求权的优势特点。同时明确行使海洋生态环境损害赔偿请求权的主体范围,发挥不同主体在海洋生态环境损害赔偿诉讼中的作用。以求平稳有序、扎实严密地推进海洋生态环境损害赔偿制度体系的建设工作。The development and improvement of the right to claim compensation for marine ecological environment damage is an important link in the establishment of a marine ecological environment damage compensation system.In order to ensure the legitimate and reasonable implementation of this right,it is necessary to define the theoretical basis for the state to exercise the right of compensation for marine ecological environment damage with the provision 2 of Article 114 of the Marine Environmental Protection Law as the core.Take the marine ecological environment as the damaged object of the claim,insist on distinguishing the difference between major national losses and social public interest damage,and do not add elements of illegality,in order to maintain the advantages and characteristics of the right to claim compensation for marine ecological environmenta damage,which is different from other rights to claim compensation for environmental public interest.At the same time,it is a must to adhere to the principle of taking the ecological and environmental authorities as the lead and supplementing by other functional departments to confirm the qualifications of the subjects exercising the right to claim compensation for marine ecological environment damage,and give full play to the role of different subjects in the litigation of marine ecological environment damage compensation,in order to promote the construction of the marine ecological environment damage compensation system in a stable,orderly,solid and rigorous manner.

关 键 词：海洋生态环境损害 损害赔偿请求权 理论基础 构成要件 行使主体 

分 类 号：DF468[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]