一次伴有高架雷暴的春季强降雨过程分析  

Analysis about a spring heavy rainfall process with elevated thunderstorms

作　　者：顾天真 丁爱萍 吴彩霞 彭小燕 张树民 GU Tian-zhen;DING Ai-ping;WU Cai-xia;PENG Xiao-yan;ZHANG Shu-min(Nantong Meteorological Bureau,Nantong 226018,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南通市气象局,江苏南通226018

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2022年第S01期82-87,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省气象局预报员专项基金项目(JSYBY201706);南通市气象局科研开发项目(NQK202101)

摘　　要：利用NCEP再分析资料、常规观测资料和多普勒天气雷达资料,对2018年4月23日江苏沿江和苏南地区伴有高架雷暴的强降雨过程的特点和成因进行分析。结果表明,“4·23”强降雨过程是在高空槽、地面冷锋和倒槽共同影响下发生的,且高空槽落后于地面冷锋。地面观测显示,多站出现20 mm/h以上的短时强降水,雷达回波顶高达9 km左右,最大回波强度在50 dBz以上,对流特征明显。深入分析大气层结条件表明,江苏沿江地区上空850~500 hPa假相当位温随高度增加而减小,存在对流不稳定区,锋面强迫抬升至850 hPa左右,不稳定能量释放,对流系统触发,是一次高架雷暴(高架对流)过程。在春季降水过程中,大气层结稳定度及高架对流的触发,在预报业务中值得关注。Analysis about a spring heavy rainfall process with elevated thunderstorms occurred along the riverside and the south area of Jiangsu on April 23rd,2018 was based on the NCEP reanalysis data,conventional observation data,and Doppler radar data.The results showed that the“4·23”rainstorm process was caused by the joint influence of the upper trough,the ground cold front and the inverted trough,and the upper trough was behind the ground cold front.Short term heavy rainfall above 20 mm/h occurred at many stations according to the surface observation data.There were obvious convection characteristics with radar echo about 9 km heighted,maximum echo intensity above 50 dBz.By in-depth analysis of stratification conditions,it was found that the pseudo-equivalent potential temperature decreased with height between 850~500 hPa along the riverside area of Jiangsu.There was a convective instability area.When the front was forced to lift to about 850 hPa,the instability energy released and triggered convective system.The results showed that it was an elevated thunderstorms(elevated convection)process.The atmospheric stratification stability and triggering of elevated convection should be pay attention to among forecast business in spring precipitation process.

关 键 词：地面冷锋 假相当位温 对流不稳定 高架雷暴 

分 类 号：P458[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]