夜郎湖水库富营养化特征及重金属风险污染评估  

Eutrophication evaluation and risk assessment of heavy metals in Yelanghu reservoir

作　　者：黄文达 饶伟民 陈椽[2] 肖许沐 马卓荦 代晓炫 谢海旗 HUANG Wen-da;RAO Wei-min;CHEN Chuan;XIAO Xu-mu;MA Zhuo-luo;DAI Xiao-xuan;XIE Hai-qi(China Water Resources Pearl River Planing Surveying&Designing Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510610,China;Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]中水珠江规划堪测设计有限公司,广州510610 [2]贵州师范大学,贵阳550001

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2021年第S02期144-149,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：水体富营养化和重金属污染严重影响水库的用水安全,为调查夜郎湖水库富营养化程度和重金属的时空分布,于2018年逐月调查了夜郎湖水库的水体中营养盐(NH_(3)-N、TN、TP)浓度和重金属浓度(Hg、As、Ni、Cu、Pb),并使用综合营养状态指数法评价夜郎湖水库,进行重金属的风险化评估。结果表明,2018年夜郎湖水库基本上处于富营养化状态,与以前的研究相比,夜郎湖水库的富营养化愈趋严重。Hg、As、Cu、Ni、Pb在夜郎湖水库中的分布存在较大的时空差异,但浓度均低于Ⅰ类水体标准,说明夜郎湖水体中的重金属浓度对人体健康基本上无威胁。经过因子分析发现,水体中重金属与营养盐的同源性较低,其来源可能分为3类,一是矿山的开采和化石燃料的燃烧,如Hg和As;二是网箱养殖,如Cu;三是工业废水,如Ni和Pb。Eutrophication and heavy metal pollution are threatening water safety of reservoirs.In order to study the eutrophication degree and the spatial and temporal distribution of heavy metalsin the Yelanghu reservoir,monthly investigates was actualized in 2018,including nutrients(NH_(3)-N,TN,TP)and heavy metal(Hg,As,Ni,Cu,Pb)concentrations.Comprehensive nutritional status index and risk assessment of heavy metals were also applied.The results showed that the water was basically eutrophicated in the Yelanghu reservoir of 2018.The eutrophication had become more and more serious,compared to previous study.The concentrations of Hg,As,Cu,Ni and Pb largely varied in spatial and temporal distribution,but lower than the Class I water body standard,indicating that the concentrations of heavy metals was safe and no threat for human health.Through factor analysis,the heavy metal was found low homology with nutrient salt,maybe divided into three sources,first was mining and fossil fuel burning,such as Hg and As;the second was cage culture,such as Cu;the third was industrial wastewater,such as Ni and Pb.

关 键 词：夜郎湖水库 富营养化 重金属 因子分析 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4