能源与环境应用中的微波催化研究进展  

Microwave Catalysis for Energy and Environment:A Review

作　　者：房东旭 刘智焬 江治 FANG Dong-xu;LIU Zhi-xi;JIANG Zhi(Research Center for Combustion and Environmental Technology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学燃烧与环境技术研究中心,上海200240

出　　处：《分子催化》2022年第5期456-466,共11页Journal of Molecular Catalysis(China)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:U1832155);国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(编号:2017YFE0127500)

摘　　要：微波是一种能量传递方式.与传统电加热相比,微波加热具有加热速度快、热惯性小、选择性加热等特点,因而被视为一种优质的能量来源.微波催化是一种使用微波对反应系统供能,从而推动催化反应进行的化学过程.近年来,许多研究者致力于探索和发展微波催化技术,包括利用微波技术提升化学反应速率、开发具有出色微波吸收能力的催化剂、建立节能环保的微波催化系统等.我们首先介绍了微波的相关理论,讲述了材料对微波的吸收原理,然后从微波催化降解挥发性有机物(Volatile Organic Compounds,VOCs)、微波催化污水处理、微波催化生物质热解和微波催化碳氢化合物转化等方面综述了微波催化在能源环境中的应用,最后对微波催化过程的机理展开了讨论.Microwave(MW)irradiation is an efficient method for energy transfer.Unlike conventional electric heating,microwave heating is a volumetric process,in which materials can be heated rapidly and selectively,and thus has great potential in catalytic chemistry.In recent years,many researchers have paid their attention to the exploration of MW catalysis,including improving reaction rates under MW irradiation,developing catalysts with better microwave absorption capacities,and establishing energy-saving MW catalytic systems.This review provides a brief introduction of microwave and microwave absorption theories,and then systematically summaries the applications of MW catalysis in energy and environment fields,including MW catalytic degradation of VOCs(volatile organic compounds),MW catalytic wastewater treatment,MW catalytic biomass pyrolysis,MW catalytic hydrocarbon conversion,etc.Finally,the researches on the MW catalytic mechanisms were discussed.

关 键 词：微波催化 微波吸收 挥发性有机物 微波热效应 

分 类 号：O643.36[理学—物理化学]