商事关系的中国语境与解释选择  

The Chinese Context and Interpretation Choice of Commercial Legal Relations

作　　者：刘斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院

出　　处：《法商研究》2022年第4期159-172,共14页Studies in Law and Business

基　　金：中国政法大学青年教师学术创新团队支持计划(20CXTD02);中国政法大学钱端升杰出学者支持计划资助项目

摘　　要：如何界定商事关系的基本范畴,决定了商法的逻辑起点和规范适用,实则系民事价值判断与商事价值判断的分水岭。从商法学方法论的角度视之,商事关系的界定路径在价值判断问题上并无差异,究竟选取何种概念界定商事关系属于商法学问题中的解释选择问题,应当尊重解释选择问题的论证方式。我国商事关系的解释选择,取决于我国商法的规范语境、当代语境与本土语境。我国现行法上的商事关系呈现出偏重商事主体法、非企业商事主体偏离规范体系、以特殊商事关系为主的规范特征,由此形成对不同商事关系类型分层规制的规范现状。基于商事主体概念的语义表达能力、体系融贯能力、语言习惯等因素,立法应当选取商事主体作为商事关系的规范识别点,但并不影响对不同类型商事主体进行区别安排。The definition of commercial relationships determines the objects and logical basis of commercial law,which constitute a watershed between civil value judgement and commercial value judgement.The subject theory,the commercial act theory and the compromised theory are all interpretation selections,which doesn’t mean conflicts of value judgment.The controversies of the above theories belong to interpretation selections issues,not value judgement issues.The choice of the terminology of commercial relationships should be based on the normative context,contemporary context,and the Chinese local context.The current Chinese commercial laws focus on the commercial subjects and commercial acts,concentrating on enterprise subjects and special commercial relationships,which form different levels of commercial rules.Based on the semantic expression ability,system coherence ability,language custom and other considerations,the concept of commercial subjects should be used as the normative identification points of commercial relationships.

关 键 词：商事关系 价值判断 解释选择 市场主体 商事主体 

分 类 号：D923.99[政治法律—民商法学]