英国对卢旺达发展援助的策略与成效分析  

Analysis on the Strategy and Effectiveness of British Development Assistance to Rwanda

作　　者：金芳颖 楼世洲[1] Jin Fangying;Lou Shizhou

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学,金华321004 [2]浙江传媒学院国际文化传播学院

出　　处：《非洲研究》2022年第2期20-37,221-222,共20页African Studies

基　　金：浙江师范大学博士启航奖学金资助赴英国爱丁堡大学访学成果;2019年国家社科基金后期资助项目“国际社会对非洲教育援助的比较研究”(项目批准号:19FJKB001)的阶段性研究成果之一。

摘　　要：英国对卢旺达的发展援助被双方认为是国际援助的一个成功案例和典范。英国国际发展部称卢旺达方案是“模型”、“尝试”和“创新”,具有“开拓性”“突破性”的实践意义,是实现从项目性援助到政府预算资助转型的“变革原型”。英国对卢旺达发展援助取得的最具标志性的成效是卢旺达在2009年加入英联邦,卢旺达政府还将英语列为最主要的官方语言,在基础教育课程体系中将英语和卢旺达语一起作为中小学的基础语言,英语逐步替代法语成为卢旺达的国家通用语言,从而促进了英国对非洲的影响力从传统英联邦国家向非洲其他国家扩展。Britain’s development assistance to Rwanda is regarded by both sides as a successful case and is set as a model of international aid.The Department for International Development of UK described the Rwanda scheme as a“model”,an“attempt”and an“innovation”,which has“pioneering”and“ground-breaking”significance.UK has changed the way of assistance from project aid to budget support,which is a“transformational prototype”.The most symbolic effect of British development assistance to Rwanda is that Rwanda joined the Commonwealth in 2009.The Rwandan government also added English as the main official language.In the basic education curriculum system,both English and Kinyarwanda are used as the basic teaching languages of primary and secondary schools.English gradually replaced French as the common teaching language in Rwanda.This has expanded Britain’s influence on Africa from traditional Commonwealth countries to other African countries.

关 键 词：英国 卢旺达 发展援助 援助策略 

分 类 号：D856.1[政治法律—政治学] D842.7[政治法律—外交学]