标准必要专利国际平行诉讼中的禁诉令应对研究  

Study on the Construction of Anti-suit Injunction System of China in Transnational Litigation of Standard Essential Patents

作　　者：李萍 Li Ping

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学珠海学院民商法律学院 [2]澳门科技大学法学院,中国

出　　处：《厦门大学法律评论》2023年第2期119-136,共18页Xiamen University Law Review

摘　　要：近年来,在标准必要专利国际诉讼中,各国法院,尤其是英美法院频繁颁发禁诉令,并引发了禁诉令与反禁诉令的博弈,我国禁诉令制度的缺失,不仅使得我国企业在涉外民事诉讼中,尤其是在涉外知识产权诉讼中非常被动,而且也使得我国的司法主权和法院管辖权受到严重干涉和威胁。我国有必要建立禁诉令制度给予必要反制,建议参考国外法院实践,对于禁诉令的签发标准兼顾灵活性和确定性,考量意思自治原则、最密切联系原则和国际礼让等原则,同时兼顾我国公共利益保护、外国诉讼是否存在无理纠缠或者压迫性、禁诉令是否可以控制被申请人等因素,在一般性原则的基础上,明确列举具体案件类型之外,附加兜底性条款,避免出现不方便管辖原则的机械性,方便法官进行个案分析,增加法官的自由裁量权,让法官在个案中衡量各种各样的因素,如是否为同一个诉讼标的、当事人是否存在滥用诉讼程序、是否属于无理缠讼或压迫性的诉讼行为、是否有失公平,以及意思自治和国际礼让的平衡问题等。In recent years,in the international litigation of standard essential patents,the courts of various countries,especially the courts of the United Kingdom and the United States,have frequently issued anti-suit injunctions,which has triggered a game between antir suit injunctions and counter anti-suit injunctions.The lack of anti suit system in China not only makes Chinese enterprises very passive in foreign-related civil litigation,especially in foreign-related intellectual property litigation,but also seriously interferes with and threatens China's judicial sovereignty and court jurisdiction.It is imperative for China to establish anti-suit injunction system to give necessary countermeasures.It is recommended to refer to the practice of foreign courts.The standards for issuing anti-suit injunctions should balance both flexibility and certainty,give consideration to the principle of autonomy of will,the principle of closest connection,as well as the principle of international comity.Besides,the factors such as the protection of public interest of China,whether the foreign litigation is vexatious or oppressive,w hether anti-suit injunction can control the respondent etc.shall also be taken into account.On the basis of general principles,it is suggested to clearly enumerate the specific types of cases,supplemented by miscellaneous provisions in order to avoid the rigidity of the doctrine of forum non conveniens,so that judges have more discretion and are allowed to weigh various factors in individual cases,such as whether it is the same subject matter of litigation,whether the parties have abused litigation procedures,whether it is vexatious or oppressive litigation,whether there is a lack of fairness,as well as the balance between autonomy of will and international comity.

关 键 词：禁诉令 必要性 意思自治原则 国际礼让 

分 类 号：D997.1[政治法律—国际法学]