老而弥新:耦合型开放式创新驱动的中国制造企业服务化和数字化协同共演研究  

Lasting Charms:Co-evolution of Servitization and Digitalization of Chinese Manufacturing Enterprises Driven by Coupled Open Innovation

作　　者：孟韬[1] 赵非非 李佳雷 李东轩 Tao Meng;Feifei Zhao;Jialei Li;Dongxuan Li

机构地区：[1]东北财经大学国际商学院,辽宁省大连市116025 [2]东北财经大学工商管理学院,辽宁省大连市116025 [3]大连交通大学经济管理学院,辽宁省大连市116028

出　　处：《产业经济评论（山东）》2022年第4期66-97,共32页Review of Industrial Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“大众生产视角下的分享经济组织形成机制研究”(72072026);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目“数字经济时代企业高成长的机制与促进政策研究”(XLYC1904017);省社科联2023年度辽宁省经济社会发展研究课题(20231s1qnkt-013);东北财经大学博士研究生科研项目“‘智能+’时代智能制造后发企业从追赶到超越的影响机制和演化路径”(GSY2021007)资助

摘　　要：随着全球制造企业外部环境日趋开放,中国制造企业正处于“创新驱动”引领的服务化和数字化双重叠加态势下,但其演化过程和实现机制不甚清晰。本文以一家拥有91年历史的中国制冷行业“活化石”——大连冰山集团有限公司(以下简称“冰山集团”)为例,探讨耦合型开放式创新对企业服务化和数字化的影响以及企业服务化与数字化动态协同演化过程两个研究问题。研究发现:(1)多维机会窗口下,耦合型开放式创新呈现出创新模式的差异化堆垒配置以及合作对象的多元化时序协同2个特征。(2)耦合型开放式创新与企业服务化和数字化相互影响、相互促进。企业服务化演化经历“探索—参与—扩展—应用”过程,与之相对,企业数字化演化经历“启动—发展—实施—应用”过程。(3)服务化与数字化在协同演化和动态融合中依次形成基于互联网的产品服务系统、基于物联网的产品服务系统和智能产品服务系统3种演化结果。(4)整个动态协同演化依次表现为“外需倒逼式”“资本助推式”“制度引致式”“场景驱动式”4种演化模式。不同阶段间遵循“开发增量用户”“强化用户黏性”“重设组织身份”3种核心实现机制。本文能够贡献于现有文献对于开放式创新、服务化和数字化关系考量不足造成的研究缺口,同时建立起企业服务化和数字化间的对应关系,对数字经济时代老字号制造企业重新焕发活力具有一定的启发意义。As the external environment of global manufacturing enterprises is becoming more and more open,Chinese manufacturing enterprises are in the dual superposition of servitization and digitalization led by“innovation-driven”,but their evolution process and realization mechanism are not very clear.Taking a 91-year-old“living fossil”in China's refrigeration industry,Bingshan Group,as an example,this paper discusses the impact of coupled open innovation on enterprise servitization and digitization,and two research issues on the dynamic co-evolution process of enterprise servitization and digitization.The research found that:(1)Under the multi-dimensional window of opportunity,coupled open innovation presents two characteristics:the differentiated stacking configuration of the innovation model and the diversification of time-series coordination of cooperation objects.(2)Coupling open innovation and enterprise service and digitalization interact and promote each other.The evolution of enterprise servitization goes through the process of“exploration-participation-expansion-application”.In contrast,the evolution of enterprise digitalization goes through the process of“initiation-development-implementation-application”.(3)In the co-evolution and dynamic integration of servitization and digitization,three evolution results of Internet-based product service systems,IoT-based product service systems,and intelligent product service systems are formed in turm.(4)The entire dynamic co-evolution is represented in turn by four evolution modes:“external demand-driven”,“capital-assisted”,“system-induced”and“scenario-driven”.The three core implementation mechanisms of“developing incremental users”,“enhancing user stickiness”and“resetting organizational identity”are followed between different stages.This paper can contribute to the research gap caused by the lack of consideration of the relationship between open innovation,servitization,and digitization in the existing literature,and at the sa

关 键 词：耦合型开放式创新 服务化 数字化 案例研究 

分 类 号：F425[经济管理—产业经济] F273.1F49