中国高校实践育人:现状、成效及育人改革探索  

Practical Education in Chinese Universities:Status Quo,Effectiveness and Exploration of Education Reform

作　　者：梅红[1] 卜春艳 石锦澎 陈立斌[4] Mei Hong;Bu Chunyan;Shi Jinpeng;Chen Libin(School of Public Policy and Administration,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Dechuang Future Automotive Technology Co.,LTD,Xianyang 712000,China;Center for Student Services and Development,Ministry of Education,P.R.China,Beijing 100000,China;Engineering Workshop,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院,西安710049 [2]德创未来汽车科技有限公司,咸阳712000 [3]教育部学生服务与素质发展中心,北京100000 [4]西安交通大学实践教学中心,西安710049

出　　处：《创新与创业管理》2023年第1期115-128,共14页Management of Innovation and Entrepreneurship

基　　金：陕西本科和高等继续教育教学改革研究项目“以学生发展为中心的多元化人才培养路径探索”;中国高等教育学会“新一代信息技术领域校企协同人才培养模式的探索与实践—以西安交通大学—华为‘智能基座’为例”(21CJYB09)。

摘　　要：基于对我国15所高校3079位大学生的有效调研,本文系统梳理了当前高校实践育人的主要形式、教学参与情况及教育成效,分析了不同类型的高校实践育人活动对促进大学生创新素质、个体创新行为的影响。研究结果显示:当前中国高校实践育人可分为实践基地育人、双创教育育人和社会服务育人三类;社会服务育人对大学生创新素质和个体创新行为具有显著的正向影响;当前校外实习实训基地、双创实践教育基地、双创课程的成效有待提升;学业分数、父母亲的受教育程度均正向影响大学生的创新水平。Based the effective survey of 3079 college students from 15 universities in China,this paper systematically combs the main forms of practical education,teaching participation and education effectiveness,and analyzes the influence of different kinds of practical education activities on promoting college students’innovative quality and individual innovative behavior.The result shows as follows:practical education in Chinese universities could be divided into three categories,namely practice base education,innovation and entrepreneurship education and social service education;social service education has a significant positive impact on college students’innovation quality and individual innovation behavior;the effectiveness of the current off-campus internship training base,innovation and entrepreneurship practice education bases and courses needs to be improved academic scores and parents’educational level are positively correlated with college students’level of innovation.

关 键 词：实践育人 双创教育 社会实践 创新素质 个体创新行为 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]