村庄经济发展水平对村民参与“人畜分离”项目的影响——西藏中部年楚河流域三村的案例分析  

The Influence of Economic Development Level on Villagers’ Participation in the Project of "Separation of Human and Livestock"——Case Studies of Three Villages in Myang-chu Valley of Central Tibet

作　　者：扎洛 bKra lo

机构地区：[1]中国藏学研究中心社会经济研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《中国藏学》2022年第5期154-163,217,共11页China Tibetology

基　　金：中国藏学研究中心重点项目“西藏与涉藏重点省实施乡村战略若干重大问题研究”成果

摘　　要：西藏年楚河流域农村在推进乡村环境整治行动“人畜分离”项目时,要求实施家畜集中养殖,提倡开展畜牧业合作。对此,不同村庄村民的参与态度出现分化。文章通过对3个典型村庄的案例分析,认为村民态度受到3个问题的影响:第一,人畜分离养殖,是否会因为劳动力成本上扬而导致不经济问题;第二,合作养殖,是否会因为经营不善而出现亏损问题;第三,发展替代性产业,是否足以弥补合作养殖可能造成的亏损问题,这些问题实质上与畜牧业在家庭经济结构中的比重相关。为解决上述问题,顺利推进国家政策实施,文章提出了发展乡村经济,改善经济结构;切实提升合作社赢利能力,增强村民参加合作社意愿;发展村庄多种经营,解决非核心劳动力转移就业;坚持因村施策,项目推进宜保持适度的灵活性等建议。When promoting the"Separation of Humans and Animals"project of the rural environment improvement action in Myang-chu Valley in Tibet,it requires the implementation of centralized livestock breeding and advocates the development of animal husbandry cooperation.In this regard,the participation attitudes of villagers in different villages are differentiated.Through the case analysis of three typical villages,the article believes that the attitude of the villagers is affected by three problems:firstly,whether the separation of human and livestock will lead to uneconomical problems due to rising labor costs;secondly,whether cooperative breeding will be caused by management;thirdly,whether the development of alternative industries is sufficient to make up for the problems that may be caused by cooperative farming.These problems are essentially related to the proportion of animal husbandry in the household economic structure.In order to solve the above problems and smoothly promote the implementation of policies,the article proposes to develop the rural economy and improve the economic structure,effectively improve the profitability of cooperatives and increase the willingness of villagers to participate in cooperatives,develop multiple operations in villages to solve the transfer of non-core labor force,adhere to village-specific policies,and project promotion should maintain appropriate flexibility.

关 键 词：农村人居环境整治 西藏农村 “人畜分离” 年楚河流域 

分 类 号：F127.1[经济管理—世界经济]