从七普数据再看西藏人口变动趋势  

Looking again at the trend of population change in Tibet from the seven census data

作　　者：梁同贵 LIANG tong-gui

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学社会发展学院,上海201610

出　　处：《中国藏学》2022年第4期137-146,217-218,共12页China Tibetology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国少数民族人口迁移流动与民族互嵌格局形成研究”(项目编号:20&ZD171)阶段性成果

摘　　要：基于西藏自治区最新公布的七普数据公报以及历次人口普查数据,分析了西藏自治区20世纪80年代以来的人口数量及其内部结构。2020年西藏自治区常住人口数量攀升至364.8万人,拉萨市一跃成为人口最多的市。65岁及以上老年人口占比攀升至5.7%,人口年龄结构仍属于成年型;家庭户数量增至101.4万户,家庭规模降至3.19人,但仍高于全国2.62的水平;各级受教育程度人数明显增加,每10万人口中大学学历人口数量低于全国平均水平;城镇化率从1982年的9.48%上升至2020年的35.73%,仍低于全国平均水平。西藏自治区常住人口数量增长源于自治区内人口自然增长与省外流入人口增加;人口结构的变化与数年来经济社会发展变迁息息相关。为完善西藏人口发展战略与政策体系,建议进一步推进以下工作:积极配套鼓励生育的措施;增大对外开放的力度,吸引更多外来人口;推进城乡居民基本养老保险制度改革,建立并完善社区养老服务体系;整合教育资源,引导更多农牧民子女到城镇就学,提高高中阶段教育与高等教育入学率;继续推进城镇化建设。Based on the latest seventh census data released by the Tibet Autonomous Region and data from previous population censuses,this paper analyzes the population and internal structure of the Tibet Autonomous Region since the 1980s.In 2020,the number of permanent residents in the Tibet Autonomous Region has risen to 3.648 million,and Lhasa has become the city with the largest population.The proportion of the elderly population aged 65 and above has risen to 5.7%,and the age structure of the population is still adult style.The number of family households has increased to 1.014 million households,the family size has dropped to 3.19 people,still higher than the national level of 2.62.The number of people with education levels at all levels has increased significantly,and the number of college-educated people per 100,000 population is still far behind the national population.The urbanization rate has risen from 9.48%in 1982 to 35.73%in 2020,still lower than the national average.The increase in the number of permanent residents in the Tibet Autonomous Region comes from the natural increase in the population within the autonomous region and the increase in the migrants from outside the autonomous region.The changes in various structures within the population are closely related to the changes in the economic and social development of the autonomous region over the past few years.In order to improve the Tibetan population development strategy and policy system,it is recommended in this paper that the autonomous region should further promote the following work:The first is to actively support the measures to encourage birth;at the same time,increase the intensity of opening to the outside world and attract more migrants.The second is to promote the reform of basic endowment insurance system for urban and rural residents,and to establish and improve the community pension service system.The third is to build a social service system that adapts to and meets family development,and promotes family development.The fourth is to int

关 键 词：西藏人口 七普 变动趋势 

分 类 号：C924.2[社会学—人口学]