2019年芜湖市集贸市场蟑螂侵害状况调查  

The survey on the cockroach infestation in markets in Wuhu City in 2019

作　　者：仝飞[1] 安洲[1] 王斐[1] 叶琴[1] 李勇 张俊美 钱明凤 TONG Fei;AN Zhou;WANG Fei;YE Qin;LI Yong;ZHANG Junmei;QIAN Mingfeng(Wuhu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhu,Anhui 241000,China)

机构地区：[1]芜湖市疾病预防控制中心,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2023年第5期429-433,共5页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：中央补助重大传染病防控资金病媒生物监测项目(财社〔2020〕99号)

摘　　要：目的了解芜湖市集贸市场蟑螂侵害状况,为集贸市场蟑螂防治提供科学依据.方法采用粘捕法调查芜湖市2019年集贸市场蟑螂侵害情况,结果芜湖市建成区9个集贸市场,共布放蟑螂屋1153张,回收1104张,捕获蟑螂3839只,隶属2科2属2种,分别为德国小蠊(3320只,86.5%),黑胸大蠊(519只,13.5%);平均侵害率为28.0%,平均密度为3.5只/张,全年均有蟑螂活动,9月蟑螂密度(6.1只/张)和侵害率(43.3%)最高;蟑螂密度排在前五位的生境区域分别为:水产区(15.8只/张)、肉类区(7.0只/张)、活禽区(2.6只/张)、蔬菜区(2.5只/张)、面点区(2.3只/张);临时市场的蟑螂侵害率高于标准化市场,其差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.097,P<0.05);蟑螂密度与上月平均气温之间存在线性关系(r=0.840,P<0.05),蟑螂侵害率与上月平均气温之间存在线性关系(r=0.965,P<0.05).结论侵害芜湖市建成区集贸市场蟑螂的优势种群为德国小蠊,夏秋季侵害最为严重,今后应加强对集贸市场水产区、肉类区、活禽区、蔬菜区、面点区等重点区域的防治力度,加大对标准化市场的建设和改造,改善室内环境,降低蟑螂密度,控制蟑螂侵害.Objective To understand the infestation status of cockroaches in the markets of Wuhu City and provide scientific basis for cockroach prevention and control in the markets.Methods The sticky-trap method was used to investigate cockroach infestation in different habitats of market places in retrieved Wuhu City in 2019.Results In 9 marketplaces of Wuhu City,1153 cockroach houses were deployed,1104 were covered,and 3839 cockroaches were captured,belonging to 2 families,2 genera and 2 species,namely,German cockroach(3320,86.5%)and black-breasted cockroach(519,13.5%);the average infestation rate was 28.0%,the average density was 3.5 cockroaches/tablet,and cockroaches were active throughout the year.The highest cockroach density(6.1 per sheet)and infestation rate(43.3%)were in September;the top five habitat areas in terms of cockroach density were:aquatic area(15.8 per sheet),meat area(7.0 per sheet),live poultry area(2.6 per sheet),vegetable area(2.5 per sheet),and pastry area(2.3 per sheet);the infestation rate of cockroaches in the temporary market was higher than that in the standardized market,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=6.097,P<0.05);there was a linear relationship between cockroach density and the average temperature of the previous month(r=0.840,P<0.05)and a linear relationship between cockroach infestation rate and the average temperature of the previous month(r=0.965,P<0.05).Conclusion The dominant population of cockroaches in the market in Wuhu City is German cockroach,and the infestation is most serious in summer and autumn.In the future,we should strengthen the prevention and control of key areas such as aquatic area,meat area,live poultry area,vegetable area and pastry area in the market,increase the construction and renovation of standardized markets,improve the indoor environment,reduce the cockroach density and control the cockroach infestation.

关 键 词：集贸市场 蟑螂 侵害率 密度 

分 类 号：R384.9[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]