超高效聚合物色谱在聚丙烯酸酯类壁画保护材料分析中的应用  

Application of Advanced Polymer Chromatography in the Analysis of Polyacrylate Materials Used in Mural Conservation

作　　者：谈翔 张化冰[1,2] 张瑞 韩霈泽[1,2] 苏伯民 TAN Xiang;ZHANG Huabing;ZHANG Rui;HAN Peize;SU Bomin(Conservation Institute,Dunhuang Academy,Dunhuang 736200,China;National Research Center for Conservation of Ancient Wall Paintings and Earthen Sites,Dunhuang 736200,China)

机构地区：[1]敦煌研究院保护研究所,甘肃敦煌736200 [2]国家古代壁画与土遗址保护工程技术研究中心,甘肃敦煌736200

出　　处：《石窟与土遗址保护研究》2022年第3期79-88,共10页Research On The Conservation Of Cave Temples And Earthen Sites

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1520700);甘肃省文物保护科学和技术研究课题(GWJ202013);甘肃省青年科技基金计划(21JR7RA758);敦煌研究院院级课题(2020-KJ-YB-6)

摘　　要：聚丙烯酸酯类材料是壁画保护中常用高分子材料.分子量是研究其物性的最基本参数之一,但目前壁画保护领域尚未对其进行系统表征.本研究采用超高效聚合物色谱(APC),对5种聚丙烯酸酯类壁画保护常用材料(ZB-SE-3A纯丙乳液、ZB-SE-1硅丙乳液、Paraloid B72、Primal AC33、Primal SF016)进行了分子量测定,并以PrimalAC33(已停产)及其替代物PrimalSF016进行了材料分子量、组成与性质的关联关系及对比研究.结果表明,5种常用聚丙烯酸类壁画保护材料的不同统计学平均分子量较为相近,大小顺序均为ZB-SE-3A纯丙乳液<ZB-SE-1硅丙乳液<Paraloid B72<Primal AC33<Primal SF016;分子量分布均为中等宽度分布.Primal AC33及其替代物SF016主要区别为支链结构中乙基和丁基不同.分子量及组成成分的异同,导致二者性质略有区分.研究结果填补了壁画保护常用聚丙烯酸酯类材料的分子量档案信息空白,为壁画保护修复材料的评价、筛选、优化、应用及新材料的研发与应用提供了进一步基础理论支撑.Materials made of polyacrylate are some of the most commonly used polymer materials in mural conservation.At present,little research has been done to understand the molecular weight and distribution of these materials,which has a significant impact on both their physicochemical properties and functional applications.Advanced Polymer Chromatography(APC)is a technique for comprehensive molecular weight analysis with high resolution and fast analysis speeds that can calculate various statistics related to molecular weight and distribution in a single test.In this research,the molecular weight and distribution of five kinds of polyacrylate materials(ZB-SE-3A,ZB-SE-1,B72,AC33,and SF016)were measured using APC,with particular attention paid to molecular weight,composition and characteristic properties by focusing on the materials Primal AC33(discontinued)and its substitute Primal SF016.The results show that the average molecular weights of different polyacrylate materials are similar and can be ordered as follows from lowest to highest:ZB-SE-3A<ZB-SE-1<Paraloid B72<Primal AC33<Primal SF016.The molecular weight distributions of the materials fall into a medium width distribution,weight distribution width indexes(σ_(n)^(2))are all 10^(9),and Polydispersity Indexes(M_(w)/M_(n))are between 1.5~2.7.The molecular weight multi-dispersion coefficients of AC33 and SF016 are similar,but SF016 has more branch structures to the effect that its average molecular weight across different properties is slightly greater than that of AC33.These two materials mainly differ in the ethyl and butyl in their branch chain structures.This study supplements the body of research on polyacrylate materials and provides theoretical support for the development and application of new materials that can be used in the conservation of murals;it is also meant to supplement the current practices used in the evaluation,screening,optimization and application of mural conservation materials currently in use.

关 键 词：超高效聚合物色谱 分子量 聚丙烯酸酯类 壁画保护材料 

分 类 号：K872[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K878.6[历史地理—历史学] K879.2