内蒙古自治区饮水型地方性氟中毒理化改水病区分布及家庭净水器使用情况调查  

Distribution of physical and chemical water improvement areas of drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the use of household water purifiers

作　　者：刘一君 崔娜 常子丽 王璇 李艳红 郭志伟 赵成祥 李振林 Liu Yijun;Cui Na;Chang Zili;Wang Xuan;Li Yanhong;Guo Zhiwei;Zhao Chengxiang;Li Zhenlin(Department for Endemic Fluorine and Arsenic Poisoning Prevention and Control,Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心地方性氟砷中毒防控科,呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2024年第1期35-38,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0383);内蒙古自治区卫生健康科技计划项目(202202115)

摘　　要：目的了解内蒙古自治区饮水型地方性氟中毒理化改水病区分布及家庭净水器使用情况。方法2021年4-10月,在内蒙古自治区进行理化改水的饮水型地方性氟中毒病区开展调查,调查内容包括病区村的基本情况(常住户数、常住人口数、历史水氟含量)及居民户净水器使用情况;并采集调查家庭末梢水水样,检测水氟含量。计算净水器安装率、正常使用率、正常使用水氟合格率及更换滤芯部门覆盖户数占比。结果内蒙古自治区饮水型地方性氟中毒理化改水病区分布在全区11个盟市的2735个病区村,常住户数192950户,常住人口数540216人;各盟市历史水氟含量均值为2.18 mg/L,现水氟含量均值为0.40 mg/L。共安装净水器134763户,安装率为69.84%(134763/192950)。共调查居民10773户,正常使用10396户,正常使用率为96.50%(10396/10773);其中,正常使用水氟合格10158户,水氟合格率为97.71%(10158/10396)。10396户正常使用净水器居民中,3974户(38.23%)滤芯使用时间在1年之内,水氟合格3961户,水氟合格率为99.67%(3961/3974);6422户(61.77%)滤芯使用时间大于1年,水氟合格6197户,水氟合格率为96.50%(6197/6422);不同滤芯使用时间净水器水氟合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=110.73,P<0.001)。10773户调查居民中,更换滤芯部门覆盖10470户,占97.19%(10470/10773)。结论内蒙古自治区饮水型地方性氟中毒理化改水病区分布广,家庭净水器正常使用率较高,滤芯使用时间大于1年的家庭净水器水氟合格率较低。Objective To investigate the distribution of physical and chemical water improvement areas of drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,as well as the use of household water purifiers.Methods From April to October 2021,a survey was conducted in a drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region where physical and chemical water improvement was carried out.The survey included the basic situation of the affected villages(number of permanent households,number of permanent residents,historical water fluoride content)and the use of residential water purifiers.Household peripheral water samples were collected to test the water fluoride content.Water purifier installation rate,normal usage rate,qualified water fluoride rate in normal usage,and the proportion of households covered by filter replacement departments were calculated.Results In Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,the physical and chemical water improvement areas of drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis were distributed in 2735 villages in 11 leagues(cities)throughout the region,with 192950 permanent households and 540216 permanent residents.The average historical water fluoride content in all leagues(cities)was 2.18 mg/L,and the current average water fluoride content was 0.40 mg/L.A total of 134763 water purifiers were installed,with an installation rate of 69.84%(134763/192950).A total of 10773 households were surveyed,with 10396 households using water purifiers normally and a normal usage rate of 96.50%(10396/10773).Among them,10158 households had qualified water fluoride of normal usage,with a qualified water fluoride rate of 97.71%(10158/10396).Of the 10396 households using water purifiers normally,3974 households(38.23%)had filter cartridges used within one year,and 3961 households had qualified water fluoride,with a qualified rate of water fluoride of 99.67%(3961/3974).Six thousand four hundred and twenty-two households(61.77%)had filter cartridges used for more than one year,with 6197 hous

关 键 词：氟 理化改水 家庭净水器 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]