从群医学视角谈疫苗的价值  

The value of vaccines from the perspective of population medicine

作　　者：贾萌萌[1] 冯录召 杨维中 Jia Mengmeng;Feng Luzhao;Yang Weizhong(School of Population Medicine and Public Health,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院,群医学及公共卫生学院,北京100730

出　　处：《中华医学杂志》2023年第22期1657-1661,共5页National Medical Journal of China

基　　金：比尔及梅琳达·盖茨基金会项目(INV-023808、INV-018013);中国博士后科学基金(2021T140068)

摘　　要：预防接种是人类历史上对抗传染病疫情效果最为明显、影响最为广泛、成本效益最高的公共卫生举措之一。本文从群医学视角,系统阐述疫苗在预防病原体感染和减少疾病发生,减少残疾、重症和死亡,提高人群健康水平和人均期望寿命,减少抗维生物药物使用和耐药性,促进公共卫生服务公平性等方面发挥的价值。并基于现状提出如下建议:第一,加强科学研究,为相关策略的制定提供坚实基础;第二,提高非免疫规划疫苗的接种覆盖率;第三,推动适宜新疫苗纳入国家免疫规划;第四,研发更多新型疫苗;第五,加大疫苗学领域人才培养。Vaccination is one of the most effective,broad-reach,and cost-effective public health initiatives to fight against infectious diseases.From the perspective of population medicine,this article systematically elaborates on the value of vaccines in preventing infections,reducing disease incidence,decreasing disability and severe cases,lowering mortality rates,improving population health and life expectancy,reducing antibiotic use and resistance,as well as promoting fairness in public health services.Based on the current situation,the following recommendations are proposed:first,strengthen scientific research to provide a solid foundation for related policy-making;second,increase the coverage rate of non-national immunization program vaccines;third,promote the inclusion of more appropriate vaccines in the national immunization program;fourth,strengthen the research and development of new vaccines;and fifth,increase talent training in the field of vaccinology.

关 键 词：疫苗 价值 群医学 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]