宁夏儿童白血病环境危险因素病例-对照研究  

Environmental Risk Factors for Child Leukemia in Ningxia:a Case-Control Study

作　　者：左锋[1] 丁文清[1] 潘小川[2] 郑漪[3] 李正直[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏医学院公共卫生学院,宁夏银川750004 [2]北京大学医学部公共卫生学院,北京100083 [3]宁夏医学院附属医院,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2007年第9期683-686,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：宁夏自治区科技攻关项目(05GG-20716)

摘　　要：目的探讨环境因素对儿童白血病的影响,了解儿童白血病的可能危险因素。方法于2005年2月—2007年5月采用1∶2配对的病例-对照流行病学研究设计,选择由宁夏医学院附属医院儿科确诊的50例儿童白血病患者为病例;同时选择该院与病例同期住院的100例其他非血液系统性疾病、非肿瘤疾病患者为对照。通过问卷调查的方法收集两组人群的一般社会人口学特征、既往病史、儿童母亲孕期有害物质接触史、室内外环境状况及家族史等信息,对资料进行单因素与多因素条件Logistic回归分析。结果单因素分析结果显示,皮肤病史、确诊前两年感冒史、既往感染史、X线接触史、母亲孕期化肥及农药接触史、父母化工厂接触史、父亲开始吸烟的年龄、患儿住房类型、儿童卧室墙壁装修、居室与高压输电线距离、居住环境电离辐射、儿童出生前后家里养宠物均与儿童白血病有关。多因素分析结果表明,既往感染史(比值比OR=0.452,95%的可信区间CI:0.207～0.985)、X线接触史(OR=0.157,95%CI:0.035～0.693)、母亲孕期化肥及农药接触史(OR=3.150,95%CI:1.092～7.120)、患儿住房类型(OR=5.162,95%CI:1.452～18.348)、居室与高压输电线距离(OR=2.383,95%CI:1.032～5.502)、居住环境电离辐射(OR=2.793,95%CI:1.043～7.479)是儿童白血病的重要危险因素。结论既往感染史、X线接触史、母亲孕期化肥及农药接触史、患儿住房类型、居室与高压电距离、居住环境电离辐射是儿童白血病发生的共同的危险因素。Objective To explore environmental hazards of childhood leukemia and to determine hazardous suspects on childhood leukemia. Methods Using 1∶2 matched case-control study design,50 patients of leukemia and 100 controls selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical College were investigated during Feb.2005-May 2007. Information was obtained by questionnaires, which included the general social demographic characteristics, disease history, the history of exposure to the materials during the child's mother pregnancy, indoor and outdoor environmental situation and the history of the families. Results The data showed that hazards for childhood leukemia were significantly associated with the history of infection(OR=0.452),diagnostic X-ray exposure (OR=0.157), the history of exposure to the chemical fertilizer and the pesticide during the pregnancy of mother(OR=3.150), the house type(OR=5.162), the nearest distance to the high voltage electricity (OR=2.383) and the radioactive source to the dwelling environment (OR=2.793) were important hazardous factors of the childhood leukemia. Conclusion The history of infection, diagnostic X-ray exposure, the history of exposure to the chemical fertilizer and the pesticide during the pregnancy of mother,the house type, the nearest distance to the high voltage electricity and the radioactive source to the dwelling environment might be the hazardous factors of the childhood leukemia.

关 键 词：儿童 白血病 环境危险因素 病例-对照研究 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]