长期不同施肥措施水稻土可矿化氮与微生物量氮关系的研究  

Study on Relationship Between Soil Mineralizable Nitrogen and Microbial Biomass Nitrogen in Paddy Soil under Long-term Fertilization

作　　者：张玉玲[1] 张玉龙[1] 虞娜[1] 王丽娜[1] 党秀丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2007年第4期117-121,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：辽宁省重大农业攻关项目(2006215005)

摘　　要：采用短期淹水密闭培养法、长期淹水密闭培养-间歇淋洗法及氯仿薰蒸法,探讨不施氮肥、施氮肥、氮肥+有机肥、氮肥+有机肥+放萍4种施肥措施,连续16年长期定位试验水稻土的可矿化氮及微生物量氮的变化。结果表明:经过16年培肥及水稻种植,与不施氮肥相比,单施化学氮肥使水稻土可矿化氮数量极显著下降(p<0.01),化学氮肥与有机肥配施可极显著地提高水稻土可矿化氮数量(p<0.01);而化学氮肥及化学氮肥与有机肥配施均可极显著增加水稻土微生物量氮的数量(p<0.01),但以单施化学氮肥增加的幅度最大。与氮肥和有机肥配施相比,在此基础上,连续7年水稻插秧后接种"Azolla"固氮菌体,水稻土可矿化氮及微生物量氮数量均无显著变化。两种培养方法,水稻土可矿化氮量与微生物氮量之间无密切联系,但水稻土可矿化氮和矿化氮与微生物量氮比率之间则有密切正相关关系。On the basis of 16-year long-term located fertilizer experiments in paddy soil,the changes of four fertilization patterns(no nitrogen fertilizer,nitrogen fertilizer,organic fertilizer + nitrogen fertilizer,organic fertilizer + nitrogen fertilizer + azolla) on soil mineralizable N and biomass N were studied by the short-term and long-term submerged incubation-intermittent leaching method and chloroform fumigated method.Results showed that after 16-year fertilization and planting of rice,the only nitrogen fertilizer application could decreased mineralizable N of paddy soil compared with no nitrogen fertilizer application(p<0.01),and combined application of farmyard manure and chemical nitrogen fertilizer could increase mineralizable N of paddy soil(p<0.01).The only nitrogen fertilizer and the combined application of farmyard manure and chemical nitrogen fertilizer application could increase the amount of biomass N in paddy soil(p<0.01),but the only nitrogen fertilizer application made a max increasing range.Based on combined application of farmyard manure and chemical nitrogen fertilizer,the soil mineralizable N and biaomass N were no obvious change compared with inoculating 'Azolla' for 7-year after transplanting.There was no-linear positive correlation between soil mineralizable N and biomass N,but there was extremely significant linear positive correlation between soil mineralizable N and its ratio to biomass N.

关 键 词：长期施肥 水稻土 可矿化氮 微生物量氮 相关关系 

分 类 号：S158.2[农业科学—土壤学] S155.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]