苏丹草-黑麦草轮作制中氮磷钾肥施用对饲草产量和养分吸收的影响  

Effect of N, P and K Fertilizers on Yield and Nutrient Absorption of Forage in Sudangrass/Ryegrass Rotation

作　　者：李小坤[1] 鲁剑巍[1] 陈防[2] 赵慧星[1] 李文西[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070 [2]中国科学院武汉植物园,武汉430074

出　　处：《土壤》2007年第6期900-904,共5页Soils

基　　金：加拿大钾磷研究所(PPI/PPIC)国际合作项目(Hub-22);华中农业大学人才启动基金项目(A16)资助。

摘　　要：利用盆栽试验研究了苏丹草-黑麦草轮作中N、P、K肥施用对饲草的产量、养分吸收及土壤性质的影响。结果表明:N、P、K肥的施用可分别使饲草鲜草产量提高6.1倍、10.6倍和0.6倍,各处理差异均达显著水平。N肥施用后饲草对N、P和K的吸收量与不施N处理相比分别提高6.9倍、3.5倍和4.7倍;P肥施用后饲草对N、P和K的吸收量与不施P处理相比分别提高5.9倍、23.2倍和7.3倍;K肥施用后饲草对N、P和K的吸收量与不施K处理相比分别提高0.3倍、0.7倍和7.4倍。N、P、K肥的施用可相互促进肥料表观利用率的提高。P、K肥的施用有利于缓解土壤酸化,轮作后各处理土壤有机质含量无显著差异,缺P处理的土壤NH4+-N含量明显较高,施N处理土壤中P含量明显降低,缺N、缺P处理轮作后土壤K含量明显高于其他处理。A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen (N), phosphors (P) and potassium (K) application on the yield and nutrient absorption of forage in sudangrass/ryegrass rotation which is popular in Jianghan Plain for fishing industry. The results showed that fresh forage yield in the treatment with N, P and K fertilization increased by 6.1, 10.6 and 0.6 times respectively, compared with no N, P and K treatments. The nutrient absorption amount result indicated N application received 6.9, 3.5 and 4.7 times more N, P and K amount, P application received 5.9, 23.2 and 7.3 times more N, P and K amount, and K application received 0.3, 0.7 and 7.4 times more N, P and K amount, respectively. The result suggested that N, P and K combined fertilization could improve apparent fertilizer utilizing efficiency mutually. P and K fertilization could reduce soil acidification. The soil organic matter among different treatments was not different significantly after the experiment. The soil NH4+-N content in NK Treatment (no P) was obviously higher than other treatments, available P content with N fertilization was significantly lower than other treatments, and available K contents in PK and NK Treatment were significantly higher than other treatments.

关 键 词：苏丹草 黑麦草 氮磷钾肥 产量 养分积累量 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学] S34.4.14[农业科学—农业基础科学] S812.4