提前期、构建成本和短缺量拖后率均可控的EOQ模型  

EOQ Model with Controllable Lead Time,Setup Cost and Backordering Rate

作　　者：黄波[1] 陈晖[1] 罗兵[1] 张仁萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学经济与工商管理学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《中国管理科学》2007年第6期67-72,共6页Chinese Journal of Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(70571088)

摘　　要：传统库存模型通常将提前期和构建成本视为不可控制。事实上可以通过追加投资缩短提前期和降低构建成本。缺货期间,为减少订单丢失量和补偿顾客的损失,供应商会给予一定的价格折扣。现实库存系统中,容易得到需求的期望值和标准差,但较难得到其分布规律。基于此,考虑短缺量拖后率与价格折扣和缺货期间库存水平相关,提出了一种需求为任意分布且提前期和构建成本均可控的EOQ模型,证明了模型存在唯一最优解,给出了一种寻优算法。数值仿真分析表明,一般情况下,压缩提前期和降低构建成本能降低订购批量和安全库存,降低库存总成本;短缺量拖后系数和缺货概率对库存总成本影响较大,企业应尽量降低缺货概率,尤其在短缺量拖后系数较小时。In traditional inventory model,lead time and setup cost are viewed as uncontrollable.But,in practice,lead time can be shortened and setup cost can be reduced by added investment.During the shortage,the supplier may offer a price discount on the stock-out item to compensate for the inconvenience of backorder and to prevent loss of orders.In practice,the mean and the standard variance of demand are available,but it is hard to find its distribution.Under the assumption that backorder rate is dependent on inventory level and price discount in the period of shortage,this paper develops an EOQ model with controllable lead time and setup cost,in which the demand follows a general distribution.The existence and uniqueness of optimal solution are proved and an algorithm searching for it is given.It is showed that order quantity,safety stock and inventory total cost can be generally reduced by shortening lead time and reducing setup cost.It is also showed that backordering parameter and probability of shortage have a great impact on inventory total cost,so an enterprise should do its best to reduce probability of shortage,especially when backordering parameter is small.

关 键 词：提前期 构建成本 价格折扣 短缺量拖后率 EOQ模型 

分 类 号：F253.4[经济管理—国民经济]