鱼类精子质量评价研究进展  

Review of assessing sperm quality in fish

作　　者：季相山[1] 陈松林[1] 赵燕[2] 田永胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]山东农业大学动物科技学院水产系,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2007年第6期1048-1054,共7页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30570259);黄海水产研究所农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室开放课题(实开2005-02)

摘　　要：在鱼类人工繁育中,研究者主要关心的是卵子质量,长期以来对精子质量未引起足够重视。而精子质量同样会影响繁育效果的重要因素。鱼类精子质量的评价指标有多种,如精子活力、运动时间、密度、形态、受精率和生理功能等。其中最传统的评价指标是精子活力,其测定方便,能较准确地预测受精率。将精子运动时间和活力综合考虑可更好地反映精子的运动能力。而精子受精率则是精子质量的直接反映,但会受到卵质等因素的影响。质膜完整性、线粒体功能、染色质结构完整性等可体现精子的质量,但测定方法较繁琐。近年来,鱼类精子质量检测技术迅速发展,计算机辅助精子分析(CASA)、流式细胞术(FCM)分析、低渗肿胀(HOS)、单细胞凝胶单泳(SCGE)等技术的建立,使得测定指标更多样、客观、准确。本文逐一介绍了评价精子质量的各种指标,并对各指标的测定方法、测定原理、国内外研究情况进行详细叙述,旨为我国鱼类精子质量评价研究提供背景资料。The quality of sperm of fish species has not been emphasized.In fact,poor sperm quality and quantity could be a limiting factor in propagation of some species such as Cynoglossus semilaevis and Verasper variegatus.In the present paper,several parameters such as sperm motility,density,morphology,membrane integrity were used to precisely assess quality of fish semen,among which the most conventional evaluation method was sperm motility,which correlated strongly with fertilization success rate.Duration of sperm motility and percentage of motable sperm are usually considered together.Fertilization rate of sperm can directly reflect sperm quality.Sperm membrane integrity,Mitochondrial function and chromatin structure integrity can embody sperm quality.In the recent years,methods of evaluating sperm quality such as computer assisted sperm analysis(CASA),flow cytometry(FCM) analysis,hypoosmotic test(HOS) and single cell gel electrophoresis(SCGE),were developed.This paper reviewed methods of sperm quality assessment in fish in order to promote its development in China.

关 键 词：鱼类 精液 质量 评价 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]